1. The Nexus Between Energy, Food, and Water Security in the Arabian Gulf
Dr. Jean-Marc Rickli
Assistant Professor
Department of Defence Studies, King’s College, London
Joaan Bin Jassim Joint Command and Staff College, Doha

2. Structure of the Presentation
Traditional determinants of energy security
New dynamics affecting energy security
Energy consumption patterns in the Gulf
Water security
Food security
Conclusions

3. Energy Security

4. Primary Oil and Gas Deposits in the Persian Gulf and Caspian Sea Basins
Source: petroleuminsights.blogspot.ch

5. Shipping Lanes, Strategic Passages and Oil Reserves in the Middle East
Source: Energy Information Administration, World Oil Transit Chokepoints & BP Statistical Review of World Energy.

6. Crude Exports in 2019 and Growth in 2013-19 for Key Trade Routes (millions barrels per day)
Source: International Energy Agency (2014)

7. Oil and Gas Dependence of GCC Economies in 2010
Shares in %
Source: IMF 2012 and Woertz 2013

8. Chinese String of Pearls Network

9. GCC Population Evolution

10. Population of the UAE
Source: World Bank

11. GDP per Capita v.s. Energy Intensity
Source: Future Outlook of Desalination in the Gulf, Saif 2012

12. GCC Electricity Consumption per Head
Source: Economist Intelligence Unit

13. Electricity Demand Forecast for Abu Dhabi (diversified)
Source: ADWEC

14. Total Energy Consumption in the GCC
Source: Intelligence Economic Unit

15. Difference Between the Natural Gas Consumption and Production for some GCC States
Source: BP

16. Energy Production and Consumption in Saudi Arabia
Source: US Energy Information Administration

17. Oil Price and Breakeven Prices

18. Energy Dependence
Source: ESIA 2012

21. Water Demand in Selected GCC Countries
Source: Economist Intelligence Unit

22. Cumulative Installed Desalination Capacity in the Gulf since 1970
Source: Future Outlook of Desalination in the Gulf, Saif 2012

23. Arabian Gulf Morphology
Source: Gulf 2000 Project, Columbia University

24. GCC Food Imports
Source: Economist Intelligence Unit

25. GCC Trade Dependencies in Cereals, 2000 and 2010
Source: Chatham House 2013

26. Choke-Points and Strategic Infrastructure in GCC Food Security

27. Vulnerability of MENA Countries to Food Price Spikes
Source: Chatham House 2013

28. Targets of GCC Agricultural Investments Ranked by Area Acquired, 2006-12
Source: Chatham House 2013

29. Change in Maximum Catch Potential from 2005 to 2055

30. Conclusions
Dramatic rise in energy-food-water consumption in the Gulf in the near future
Traditional energy exports: protection of SLOC
New energy distribution patterns: new maritime actors in the Gulf, navies as tool of power, protections of SLOC
Increased volume of desalinated water: prevention of pollution, protection of critical infrastructure, prevention of conflicts over water
Increased reliance on food imports: protection of SLOC

31. Many thanks for your attention
Twitter: Dr_JMRickli