1. History of Ancient Greece - 1 A brief history of ancient Greece F1. The Persian Wars, 499 - 479 B.C. The greatest extent of the Persian Empire, ca. 490

2. History of Ancient Greece - 2 A brief history of ancient Greece F2. The Golden Age, or Periclean Age, 480 - 431 B.C. (In art history, this period is referred to as the “Classical Period”) GSocrates was born in 469 B.C., near the beginning of the Golden Age.

3. History of Ancient Greece - 3 A brief history of ancient Greece GPlato was born in 428 B.C., near the end of this age. GAncient Greece was a federation of 150 city-states. GThe defeat of the Persians brought a new awareness of the commonness of these peoples in language, religion, and customs. GBut they never achieved political unity.

4. History of Ancient Greece - 4 FThe maximum extent of the Athenian Empire FFrom John Boardman, Jasper Griffin, & Oswyn Murray, The Oxford History of the Classical World (NY: Oxford University Press, 1986): 134.

5. History of Ancient Greece - 5 A brief history of ancient Greece GThe golden side of the Golden Age Government support for widows and orphans A high rate of literacy A great building program –The ParthenonThe Parthenon

6. History of Ancient Greece - 6 A brief history of ancient Greece Great playwrites –Euripides, Aristophanes, Sophocles The physician, Hippokrates The historian Thucydides

7. History of Ancient Greece - 7 A brief history of ancient Greece Cleisthenes initiated the democratic form of government c. 508 B.C. (a bit before the Golden Age) –The form of democracy - very direct vs representative –But excluded women, slaves, the allies of Athens –About 40,000 adult males were eligible to vote

8. History of Ancient Greece - 8 A brief history of ancient Greece GThe tarnished side of the Golden Age Slaves made up one-third of the population Women were not educated, had no property rights, and were for the most part excluded from the public sphere

9. History of Ancient Greece - 9 A brief history of ancient Greece Growing tension between alliances of city states centered around Athens and Sparta

10. History of Ancient Greece - 10 A brief history of ancient Greece F3. The Peloponnesian War, 431 - 404 B.C. Between alliances centered around Athens and Sparta Athens lost

11. History of Ancient Greece - 11 A brief history of ancient Greece F4. The Hellenistic Age, 338 B.C. - 200 A.D. In 338, Philip of Macedonia conquered Greece When Philip was assassinated in 336 B.C., Alexander took over the empire. Alexander spread the Greek language and culture throughout his expanding empire.

12. History of Ancient Greece - 12 A brief history of ancient Greece FMosaic of Alexander fighting Darius (Persian King)

13. History of Ancient Greece - 13 A brief history of ancient Greece Hence the word “Hellenic,” of or pertaining to the ancient Greeks.

14. History of Ancient Greece - 14 Socrates: Life FSocrates (c.470 - 399 B.C.) GBorn in Athens to a wealthy family GMarried, had several sons GDistinguished himself in the Peloponnesian War (431 - 404 B.C.) GHis profession was a travelling teacher His debates with other members of his profession and the label, “sophist”

15. History of Ancient Greece - 15 Socrates: Life FSocrates FVatican Museums FRome

16. History of Ancient Greece - 16 Socrates: Life GHis innovative method of teaching, still known as “the Socratic method” GHis interest in teaching ethics and his claim that virtue is a kind of knowledge Might be called “ethical intellectualism” It follow that virtue can be taught

17. History of Ancient Greece - 17 Socrates: Life GHis most famous student - Plato GSocrates wrote nothing!

18. History of Ancient Greece - 18 Socrates: Life GHis famous trial The Apology give Plato’s account of the trial Occurred in 399 B.C. The charge Socrates was found guilty GExecuted by taking poison –David’s painting of the death of SocratesDavid’s painting of the death of Socrates

19. History of Ancient Greece - 19 Socrates: Life Jacques-Louis David (French, 1748-1825) The Death of Socrates 1787 Oil on canvas 51 x 77 1/4 in. (129.5 x 196.2 cm) The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York