2. Agenda Introduction Mission Goal IFITT Knowledge Bank
IFITT e-Tourism Curriculum
IFITT e-Tourism Wikipedia
IFITT e-Tourism Digital Library
Conclusion & Outlook
References

3. Introduction
IFITT – Int. Federation for IT and Travel & Tourism  World Leading e-Tourism Knowledge Hub
Mission
Enlarge global e-Tourism community and knowledge network  researchers/universities  practitioners/public/private organizations
Exploration and promotion of innovations in the e-Tourism domain
Creation and dissemination of e-Tourism knowledge
Social Corporate Responsibility
Enabling learning individuals to develop career opportunities in today’s multicultural and technology-driven working society
Stakeholder encompassing benefits (lecturers, students, managers)

4. Introduction
Goal
Generation and dissemination of knowledge on Tourism and Technology
Insights into tourism domain as important application field of ICTS
Overview of ICT applications along tourism value chain
Knowledge on usage scenarios of modern ICTS in tourism domain
The IFITT Digital Knowledge Bank supports this challenge around life-long learning by
IFITT e-Tourism Curriculum
IFITT e-Tourism Wikipedia
IFITT e-Tourism Digital Library

5. IFITT Knowledge Bank e-Tourism
Theory of knowledge-constitutive interests (Habermas, 1978)
Emancipation from status quo tourism curriculum (Tribe, 2001)
Integration of relevant participants  self-forming, recognizing knowledge needs
Transmission of professional, technical and intellectual skills and concepts  variety of learning experiences
e-Tourism
Digitalization of all processes and value chains in the tourism industry by bundling together three disciplines (Buhalis, 2003)
Business Management (strategy, marketing, finance, HRM…)
Tourism (transport, heritage, hotel, leisure, travel…)
Computer & Media Science (information systems and management, Internet, mobile, social media…)

6. The IFITT Knowledge Bank
E-Tourism curriculum
Sources for curriculum adjustment and knowledge needs
Text-books and curricula at 52 universities worldwide
Expert-based evaluation by 15 e-Tourism scholars (EU)
69 students (Management Centre Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Austria)
DMO: 250 DMO managers
Hotel sector: 98 hotel managers; 118 hotel employees
Fuchs, M., Höpken, W., Mirski, P., Ainedter, B. & Lembacher, A. (2006): e-Tourism Curricula Development in Tyrol - A Preliminary Report. In: 3rd China Tourism Forum, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong:
Fuchs, M., Höpken, W., Mirski, P., Ainedter, B. & Lembacher, A. (2007): e-Tourism Curriculum Development - A Destination Management Organisation Perspective. In: Sigala, M., Mich, L. & Murphy, J. (eds.), Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2007, Springer, New York:

7. The IFITT Knowledge Bank
Fig. 1: Expert weighting scheme for e-Tourism curriculum topics
Fig. 2: e-Tourism Education Needs Hotel and DMO Sector

8. IFITT e-Tourism Curriculum
Comprehensive base of unique lecturing material
> 800 Power Point slides (reference-based)
Scripts and reference lists for further readings
Up-to date case studies
Open Resource
Up-dated and extended according to technological developments
Major content areas
ICT and Tourism - Introduction  Basic ICT usage scenarios and technologies in the tourism domain
ICT Usage in Tourism – Overview and Case Studies  Interfaces, suppliers, intermediaries, destination management organisations
Trends and Technical Applications  Social media, Semantic web, Software Agents, Recommender Systems, Dynamic Packaging, Mobile, Online auctions, BI

9. IFITT e-Tourism Curriculum
1. ICT and Tourism – Introduction
Types of tourism/tourism markets
Information flows in tourism systems
Definition and history of e-Tourism, facts & trends
Reasons, advantages and implications of ICT use in tourism
2. ICT Usage in Tourism – Overview and Case Studies
2.1 Tourism stakeholders & interfaces
Electronic tourism Market
Use of hard-/soft- & net-ware in tourism
Tourism specific technologies (e.g. CRS, GDS, Switches, mobile technologies

10. IFITT e-Tourism Curriculum
2.2. Tourism Suppliers and e-Tourism Applications
2.2.1 Airline industry
Yield Management
CRS/GDS
Case studies: Lufthansa, Opodo.com
2.2.2 Hospitality
CRS, PMS, GDS-Switches (THISCO)
MS and distribution channels
Proprietary operated (GastroDat, Micros Fidelio)
DMS (feratel.com)
Platforms (nethotel.com, hrs.com)
Online travel agencies (Travelocity.com)
Switch companies (WizCom Switch)
2.2.3 Intermediaries
CRS/GDS (Amadeus & Start)
Tour Operators (TUI.com, Thomascook.com, kuoni.com)
Travel Agencies (eBookers.com, TravelTainment)

11. IFITT e-Tourism Curriculum
2.2. Tourism Suppliers and e-Tourism Applications (cont.)
2.2.4 Destination Organisations
Destination Management Systems
Case studies: ETS portal, Tiscover.com…
2.2.5 Tourism Management
Management Information Systems (MIS) and Decision Support Systems (DSS), e-CRM
Case Studies: T-Mona/Manova, X-Queue…
3. E-tourism Trends & Technical Applications
3.0 Social Media & Web 2.0 in Tourism
Travel Blog Cycle
Web 2.0 Revolution in tourism/trends & facts
Web 2.0 induced challenges for DMOS
Case studies: Trip Advisor.com…

12. IFITT e-Tourism Curriculum
3.1. Interoperability and Semantic Web
Heterogeneous info presentation in tourism
Standardisation initiatives
Ontology & semantic web
Case studies: IFITT RMSIG (Reference Model Special Interest Group), Harmonise, Harmo-Net
3.2. Website Optimisation
Web-site evaluation
customer-based
expert-based
supplier-based
performance-based
Application tracking & search engine analysis/optimization
Case studies: Swarovsky Cristal WebAward, Check Effect for search term efficiency
3.3. Intelligent software agents in tourism
Intelligent systems in tourism
Smart Business networks
Case studies: Heracles, agents for mining online sources

13. IFITT e-Tourism Curriculum
3. E-tourism Trends & Technical Applications (cont.)
3.4 Mobile services in tourism
M-tourism: m-pull/push technologies
Context-based adaptation
Usage rates & acceptance
Building and instantiating mobile guides
Case studies:
3.5 Recommender systems
Definition & classification
Examples: Amazon.com, Trip Advisor.com, ActiveBuyersGuide.com
Techniques
Collaborative filtering
Content-based filtering
Case-based reasoning
Search interfaces & collaborative browsing
Case studies: Virtual Adviser, NutKing.com…

14. IFITT e-Tourism Curriculum
3.6 Dynamic packaging in tourism
Components, requirements & mechanisms
Architectures: agent-based network, multiple bundling strategies
Case study: Flex package.com
3.7 Online auctions in tourism
Opportunities of online auctions
Price determinants
A software agent by Tiscover for selling accommodation packages at eBay
Case study: e-Bay (market size & structure, success rate, revenue forecast)
3.8 Complexity & network science in tourism
Tourism as a complex adaptive system
Methods for CAS analysis
Basics of network science
Applications in tourism
3.9 Business Intelligence in tourism
Knowledge destination framework architecture
Data Mining, OLAP & Data Warehousing
BI-based Destination Management Information System (DMIS)

15. IFITT e-Tourism Curriculum
What is NEW by November 2013?
New open education resources in form of Power Point slides and scripts
Complexity & Network Science in Tourism (Prof. R. Baggio)
Social Media Marketing in Tourism (Prof. U. Gretzel)
Business Intelligence Applications at Tourism Destinations (Prof. M. Fuchs)
> 60 up-to date industry case studies
E-business applications for CRS/GDS, OTA, DMO, Airline, and Hotel industry
Social Media
Mobile applications

16. IFITT e-Tourism Curriculum

17. IFITT e-Tourism Curriculum

18. IFITT e-Tourism Curriculum

19. IFITT e-Tourism Wiki
Theme-specific Wikipedia on 40 core topics of e-Tourism
E-Tourism scholars deliver Wiki contributions in their field of expertise

20. IFITT e-Tourism Wiki
Wikis available

21. IFITT e-Tourism Wiki Scholars who agreed to submit Wikis Dr. D. Wan
Smart Phone Applications and Travel Experiences
Prof. Wöber K.
Management Information Systems in Tourism
Dr. Zhen, X.
Travel Planning Search Engines
Prof. L. Cantoni
Education and E-Learning in Tourism
Augmentation Analysis of User Generated Content
Online Reputation in Tourism
Prof. M. Fuchs
Knowledge Management and Business Intelligence in Tourism
Acceptance and Usage of Mobile Technologies in Tourism
Prof. W. Höpken
Standardization and Semantic Web in Tourism
Adaptation of Ubiquitous Websites in Tourism
Building Mobile Tourist Guides
QR-Codes in Tourism
Prof. Sigala, M.
ICTs induced Efficiency Gains in Tourism
Gaining superior Competitiveness through ICTs in Tourism
ICT supported Consumer Relationship Management in Tourism

22. IFITT e-Tourism Digital Library
Parameterized search mechanism at IFITT portal for abstracts and bibliographical data from research resources in field of e-tourism
ENTER proceedings Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism Springer:
Journal of Information Technology & Tourism Cognizant/Springer:

23. IFITT e-Tourism Digital Library
Parameterized search mechanism at IFITT portal for abstracts and bibliographical data from research resources in field of e-tourism

24. IFITT e-Tourism Digital Library

25. Conclusion and Outlook
Continuous further development of advanced open educational resources
Up-date of OER, like PPT slides (e.g. QR-Codes, e-Cards, AI, etc.), scripts, industry case studies
Web-based e-learning environment
Course modules (training needs  learning goals)
Interactive learning tools
Certification
IFITT Digital Knowledge Bank
Access on full papers (IFITT members)
ENTER Proceedings 1998-ongoing
JITT
Wikis and topical-hierarchies continuously extended by e-Tourism scholars all over the world

26. …we hope that these improvements along with free IFITT services will be of great help to global e-Tourism community…
Thank you!

27. References
Buhalis, D. (2003). E-Tourism: Information Technology for strategic tourism management. Essex: Prentice Hall-Pearson.
Collins, C. & Buhalis, D. (2004). Enhancing SMTEs Business Performance through the Internet and Online Learning Platforms. In A. Frew, (Ed.), ENTER Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism, (pp ). New York: Springer.
Fuchs, M., Höpken, W., Mirski, P., Ainedter, B. & Lembacher, A. (2006): e-Tourism Curricula Development in Tyrol - A Preliminary Report. In: 3rd China Tourism Forum, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong:
Fuchs, M., Höpken, W., Mirski, P., Ainedter, B. & Lembacher, A. (2007): e-Tourism Curriculum Development - A Destination Management Organisation Perspective. In: Sigala, M., Mich, L. & Murphy, J. (eds.), Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2007, Springer, New York:
Grundy, S. (1987). Curriculum: Product or Praxis. Sussex, UK: Falmer.
Habermas, J. (1978). Knowledge and Human Interests. London, Heinemann.
Kyoo, Y.-Ch. (2000). Hotel Management Curriculum Reform based on Required Competencies of Hotel Employees and Career Success in the Hotel Industry. Tourism Management, 21,
Pechlaner, H. & Fuchs, M. (2002). Towards new skill requirements for destination organisations – an exploratory study. Tourism Analysis, 7(1):
Tribe, J. (2001). Research Paradigms and Tourism Curriculum. Journal of Travel Research, 39,
Werthner, H. & Klein, S. (1999). Information Technology and Tourism - A Challenging Relationship. Wien – New York: Springer.
Young, R. (1989). A Critical Theory of Education. Hemel Hempstead, UK: Harvester, Wheatsheaf.