1. Ionizing Radiation

2. Lecture outline Ionizing radiation 1. X-ray radiation 2. Complex Roentgen equipment З. Medical equipment based on use of ionizing radiation

3. Roentgen medical equipment 1. Roentgen (X-ray) radiation 2. X-ray tube 3. X-ray devices 4. Computed Tomography (CT)

4. Roentgen (X-ray) radiation X-ray radiation – are electromagnetic waves with wavelength range between 10 -2 and 10 nm.

5. Ivan Pulyui Lamp

6. X-ray tube with rotating anode

7. Intensity of X-rays

8. Roentgen diagnostic complex hardware

9. Roentgen diagnostic computer operated complex hardware

10. Block Scheme of X-ray diagnostic device

11. Examination of a patient using mobile X- ray diagnostic device

12. Mobile X-ray diagnostic device

13. Monoblock of an X-ray device,,Арман-1’’

14. Block Scheme of an “РДА”

15. Computer system for X-ray CT examination

16. Mammography

17. Scheme of CT examination

18. Internal view of a CT scanner

19. Block Diagram of a CT scanner

20. Procedure for CT scanning

21. Roentgen equipment for examination of blood vessels 1. Roentgen spectra 2. Moseley's law З. Angiography 4. Angiographs

22. Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen – inventor of X-rays

23. Ivan Pavlovich Pulyui – inventor of Roentgen tube prototype

24. Dependence of Х-ray intensity on voltage

25. Dependence of X-ray minimal wavelength on voltage

27. Characteristic X-ray spectrum

28. Mechanism of characteristic x-ray spectra generation

29. Moseley's law,

30. Moseley's constant

31. Coefficient of Х-ray absorption

32. Comparison of X-ray absorption coefficients for bones and water

33. Angiograph

34. Angiography

35. Angiograph from the 2 nd City Hospital, Ternopil

36. Vascular visualization using angiography

37. Vascular angiography of human hands

38. Angiography

39. Medical equipment based on use of ionizing radiation 1. Laws of radioactive decay. 2. Types of radioactive decay. 3. Composition of gamma-knife, cyber-knife, positron-emission tomography (PET), linear accelerator.

40. Law of Radioactive Decay

44. The activity of a radioactive substance

46. Alpha (α)-Decay

47. Beta (β) -decay

48. Radioactive radiation

49. Three types of radioactive radiation

50. Gamma-chamber

51. Gamma-radiation based device

52. Gamma (γ)-knife

53. Cyber-knife

54. Linear Accelerator

55. Schematic visualization of operational principle for linear accelerator

56. Operational principles for Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

57. Principle of Positron Emission Tomography

58. References 1. Ємчик Л.Ф., Кміт Я.М. Медична і біологічна фізика: Підруч.-Львів: Світ, 2003.- 592 с. 2. Марценюк В.П., Дідух В.Д., Ладика Р.Б., Баранюк І.О., Сверстюк А.С., Сорока І.С. Підручник „Медична біофізика і медична аппаратура” Тернопіль: Укрмедкнига, 2008, 355 с. 3. Зисман Г.А., Курс общей физики. / Г.А. Зисман, О.М. Тодес //– М.: Наука, 1972. 366 с. 4. Ремизов А.Н. Медицинская и биологическая физика. / А.Н. Ремизов // - М.: Высшая школа, 1987. – 634 с. 5. Чалий О.В. Медична і біологічна фізика в 2-ох томах. / О.В. Чалий //– К.:ВІПОЛ, 2001 – 840 с. 6. Яворський Б.М., Курс фізики ч.ІІ, / Б.М. Яворський, А.А. Детлаф, Л.Б. Милковська // - К.: Вища школа, 1972. 345 с. 7.В. Д. Дідух. Заняття № 10. Кафедра медичної фізики з діагностичним та лікувальним устаткуванням. ТДМУ.