1. Causes of the War: M - A - I - N - Militarism – def.- The policy of glorifying military power and maintaining large armies/navies- result of industrialization Imperialism- Quest for colonies in Africa & Asia caused tension Nationalism – Pride in one’s country became extreme - created international rivalries with other states Alliances- European nations formed two gangs – each swore to defend any member in trouble – a chain reaction threat!

3. - European rulers used propaganda – here’s the cool aid: - It was a justifiable and defensive war- “They started it!” - It will be short – 3 months tops – over by Christmas - Reality: - War between industrialized nations often results in years of conflict with massive casualties (deaths, injuries) on both sides - Militarism was popular with Euro. rulers AND citizens alike - Trench warfare resulted – leading to stalemate in which there was no advantage – both sides could manufacture an endless supply of weapons

4. Russia: - Poorly trained, ill-equipped, badly led - Had little industry, could not produce enough weapons - Allies (Br. & Fr.) tried to resupply them w/ weapons but: - Central powers blocked sea routes to Russia – prevented supplies from reaching them

5. The United States: - In 1914, the beginning of the war, The US tried to remain neutral - Several factors forced US to enter the war Total War: - Propaganda was used to boost support for the war - nations’ entire resources were directed towards war - Consumer goods were rationed - Women worked in munitions factories to make weapons - Colonial people fought hoping to secure independence

6. Germany lost because: - it could not keep up w/ allied production of materials or number of soldiers Results of War: - Most Monarchies (Rus, A-H, Ger., Ott) were destroyed - New nations carved from defeated empires caused tensions that resulted in conflicts that remain today: (ex. – Syria, Iraq) - Women earned the right to vote - US adopted policy of isolationism – a desire to stay out of foreign affairs