1. Learning Objective : Identify text structures in expository texts Reading comprehension standard 2.1

2. What are we Identifying today? Text Structures in Expository text.

3. The Importance of knowing text structures Good readers use a variety of strategies to help them comprehend.

4. Expository: give information Share with your partner the last text that you read that gave you information? Expository Text

5. Cause and Effect Compare and Contrast Sequence Proposition and Support (main idea and supporting details) tell the result of an event or occurrence and the reasons it happened. Ex: Cause: There was a bad storm Effect: The electricity went out Compares and contrast information Ex: How animals interact with humans is a passage that show the order in which events happen. Ex: Biography of a person’s life. Or Explains how to do something Ex: How to break a code states a plan or an idea (proposition) followed by information to prove that the plan or idea is right or good (and that is the support). Example: Parts of a plant Consequently, therefore, as a result, thereby, leads to, because, so, reason On the other hand, in contrast, in comparison, both, like, different, similar, in the same way Time Order: First, Then, Next, Finally, Yesterday, Today Time Order Expression: After that, later on, In the Morning For example, in addition, also. Furthermore, for instance, most important, after, near, to begin with

6. Step 1: Read the Expository text Step 2: Identify signal/clue words How do we identify text structures? Step 3: Ask yourself does the text compare and contrast, sequence, proposition and support, cause and effect Make poster

7. How do we identify text structures? PassageText Structure Different types of clouds have their own appearance. For example, some are wispy and thin and others are fluffy and shapely. Some people think cumulus clouds look like puffs of cotton. Compare and Contrast Step 1: Read the Expository text Step 2: Identify signal/clue words Step 3: Ask yourself does the text compare and contrast, sequence, proposition and support, cause and effect

8. Identifying Text Structures PassageText Structure It was 32 degrees Fahrenheit when precipitation fell from the clouds. Since it was freezing, the precipitation was in the form of snow. Clouds can cause turbulence for airplanes, so consequently pilots may try to fly above them to avoid the shaking. All clouds are made of water droplets. Fog, however, is a different type of cloud. The difference is that fog forms on the ground and the other clouds form high in the air. Clouds are formed in the following way. First, water on the ground evaporates and turns into vapor. Next, the vapor condenses into tiny droplets and forms clouds. Finally, the clouds lose the water in the form of precipitation. Cause and Effect Compare and Contrast Sequence Proposition and Support

9. Closure 1.Pencils and chalk are both writing utensils. They are different because we use pencils to write on paper and chalk to write on blackboards. 2.I went to the park because I wanted to play basketball. 3. Sarah and Jimmy are the same because they are both in the 4 th grade. But Sarah enjoys reading. On the other hand, Jimmy enjoys math.