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Seedlot Handling and Tuber Yield Loretta Mikitzel, PhD, PAg NB Department of Agriculture, Aquaculture and Fisheries New Brunswick Potato Conference and Trade Show February 5, 2015
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2014 Seed Handling demonstrations Seedlot comparison Seed warming and precutting New Brunswick Canadian Potato Industry Transformation Initiative – Seed Group
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Seedlot Comparison 9 different 2013 seedlots Russet Burbank E3 and E4 Richmond to Drummond parishes Received in Wicklow on March 28, 2014 To evaluate physiological age, tubers held at 18°C in the dark
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April 25, 2014 1 2 3
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5 4 6
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7 8 9
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Warm vs cold Divided each seedlot in half May 5, 2014 – cut half of each seed lot, treated with Maxim, stored at 10°C until planting (warm) Half of each lot stored at 4°C until May 27, 2014 then cut, treated and stored at 10°C until planting (cold) June 2, 2014 planted at Bloomfield in a processing field
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At planting June 2, 2014
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July 8, 2014 Seedlot # 1 WarmCold
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July 8, 2014 Seedlot #2 WarmCold
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July 8, 2014 Seedlot # 3 WarmCold
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July 8, 2014 Seedlot # 4 Warm Cold
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July 8, 2014 Seedlot # 5 WarmCold
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July 8, 2014 Seedlot # 6 WarmCold
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July 8, 2014 Seedlot # 7 WarmCold
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July 8, 2014 Seedlot # 8 WarmCold
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July 8, 2014 Seedlot # 9 Warm Cold Lot # 9
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July 21, 2014 Seedlot # 3 Warm Cold Seedlot # 6
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August 15, 2014
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Stems per plant Seedlot #WarmCold 13.03.1 22.92.5 34.02.8 43.02.7 52.34.6 63.53.4 73.7 82.93.2 93.34.0
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Total Yield (cwt/A) Warm = 350 cwt/A Cold = 312 cwt/A Top killed September 16, 2014 harvested September 24, 2014
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Marketable Yield (cwt/A) Warm = 281 cwt/A Cold = 260 cwt/A
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Tubers per plant Seedlot #WarmCold 111.07.7 29.39.5 312.18.9 410.38.4 59.913.5 611.711.5 79.5 88.19.7 99.111.1
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Crop Value ($/acre) + $952+ $742 + $576 + $1,011+ $808
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Crop Value ($/acre) - $299- $71 - $532 - $624
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Seedlot Comparison Most seedlots benefit from warming seed before planting –More rapid emergence –More uniform emergence –Higher yield –Greater value Some seedlots warming for 4 weeks at 10°C before planting not beneficial Know the condition of your seedlot
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Seed Warming Demonstration Russet Burbank Innovator Determined crop value after warming and precutting seed Planted June 3, 2014 Planted at McCain Research Farm, Greenfield
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Seed Warming Treatments Cold whole seed4°C, 10°C 6 days before planting Warm whole seed10 °C for 26 days before planting Precut 40 daysCut, held 10°C for 40 days before planting Precut 33 daysCut, held 10°C for 33 days before planting Precut 26 daysCut, held 10°C for 26 days before planting Precut 19 daysCut, held 10°C for 19 days before planting Cold cut 6 days4°C, then cut and 10°C 6 days before planting Warmed 2 weeks + cut 6 daysHeld at 10°C for 2 weeks, cut 6 days before planting
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Emergence (%) – Russet Burbank
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Emergence (%) - Innovator
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Russet Burbank July 3, 2014 Cold Whole Warmed whole Cold cut 6d warmed 2 wks + cut 6 d
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Innovator July 3, 2014 Cold Whole Warmed whole Cold cut 6d warmed 2 wks + cut 6 d
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Innovator July 16, 2014 CW WW 40 d 33 d 26 d 19 d Ccut 6d
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Innovator July 18, 2014 CW WW 40 d 33 d 26 d 19 d Ccut 6d
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Innovator July 23, 2014 CW WW 40 d 33 d 26 d 19 d Ccut 6d
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Innovator August 13, 2014 CW WW 40 d 33 d 26 d 19 d Ccut 6d
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Days after planting to flowering Russet BurbankInnovator Cold whole seed5450 Warm whole seed4443 Precut 40 days4443 Precut 33 days4443 Precut 26 days4850 Precut 19 days4852 Cold cut 6 days5250 Warmed 2 weeks + cut 6 days 5250
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Marketable yield – Russet Burbank
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Value ($/A) – Russet Burbank
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Marketable yield - Innovator
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Value ($/A) – Innovator
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Seed Warming Demonstration Russet Burbank and Innovator benefit from precutting and warming seed –Precut and store at 10°C 26 to 33 days before planting Highest yield and crop value with precut seed Lowest yield and crop value when seed held at 4°C until planting warmed for 6 days before planting
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2015 seed trials Repeat seedlot comparison Repeat seed warming trial –Reduce the holding temperature to 7°- 8°C instead of 10°C
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Acknowledgements Seed growers who donated samples McCain Research Farm crew
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