1. 0 UMN 2011 ERP Terapan ABAP Introduction Session # 8

2. Topik Bahasan ABAP Workbench ABAP Dictionary List Processing Transaction Programming Interfaces for data transfer John Natal 2011 / UMN 1

3. What is ABAP/4? 2 ABAP/4 – “Advanced Business Applications Programming Language 4 th Generation” ABAP/4 was developed using C++ SAP R/3 was made using ABAP/4 ABAP/4 is the Development Tool of SAP R/3

4. ABAP is a Tools 3 ABAP/4 It is used by SAP developers to build the transactions that make up the R/3 application. It is also used by corporations to customize their R/3 applications. ABAP/4 is not used by customers of SAP to develop complex applications from scratch, but is used instead to provide additional business functionality

5. The roles of ABAP/4 in SAP R/3 Two most common uses for ABAP/4: 1.Producing Custom Reports A REPORT is an ABAP program that reads specific data from SAP’s database and then displays the data via a computer screen or a printed page. 2.Developing Custom Interfaces for SAP An INTERFACE is an ABAP program that moves data into SAP, or reads data from SAP and writes it out to a system file to be transferred to an external computer system, such as a legacy mainframe. 4

6. The roles of ABAP/4 in SAP R/3 Other uses for ABAP/4 1.Conversion Programs –Change data into a format usable by SAP 2.Custom Transactions –Similar to SAP standard transactions, but are written to fulfill some business functions not provided by SAP standard transactions. 5

7. The roles of ABAP/4 in SAP R/3 Final Notes: –From an ABAPer’s Perspective, SAP is nothing more than a collection of database tables. –The main concern of an ABAPer’s is how to present and modify these tables and their data as required by the user. 6

8. ABAP Workbench (SAP Development Tools) John Natal 2011 / UMN 7 SE 80 SE 38 SE 11 SE 37 etc

9. Object Navigator John Natal 2011 / UMN 8 SE80

10. Object Navigator John Natal 2011 / UMN 9 SE80 NAVIGATION AREA REPOSITORY OBJECTS DISPLAY AREA

11. Object Navigator John Natal 2011 / UMN 10 SE80

12. Object Navigator John Natal 2011 / UMN 11 SE80 REPOSITORY GROUPS

13. ABAP Editor John Natal 2011 / UMN 12 SE38

14. Useful T-CODE for ABAP Developer’s John Natal 2011 / UMN 13  SE11 – ABAP/4 Dictionary Maintenance  SE12 – ABAP/4 Dictionary Display  SE16 – Data Browser  SE24 – Class Builder  SE37 – Function Builder  SE38 – ABAP Editor  SE41 – Menu Painter  SE43 – Maintain Menu Area  SE51 – Screen Painter  SE71 – SAPScript Layout Set  SE80 – Object Navigator / Development Workbench  SE84 – ABAP/4 Repository Information System  SE87 – Data Modeler Information System  SE91 – Maintain Messages  SE93 – Maintain Transaction

15. Useful T-CODE for ABAP Developer’s (Cont’d) John Natal 2011 / UMN 14  SM30 – Maintain Table View  SM31 – Table Maintenance  SM35 – View Batch Input Session  SM37 – View Background Jobs  SMOD - Editing/activating new customer enhancements  CMOD - Editing/activating new customer enhancements  SNRO - Object browser for number range maintenance  SQ01 - ABAP/4 Query : Maintain Queries  SQ02 - ABAP/4 Query : Maintain Funct. Areas  SQ03 - ABAP/4 Query : Maintain User Groups  ST22 - ABAP Dump analysis  SU53 - Display Authorization Values for User  SMARTFORMS – Create/Change SAP Smartforms  ABAPDOCU – ABAP Documentation and Examples

16. General Syntax ABAP John Natal 2011 / UMN 15

17. General Syntax ABAP John Natal 2011 / UMN 16

18. General Syntax ABAP John Natal 2011 / UMN 17

19. John Natal 2011 / UMN 18 Displaying Data: Sample ABAP/4 Code

20. John Natal 2011 / UMN 19 Displaying Data: Setting Up the Page The first non-comment line in a Program. It names the Program and may affect the way in which output is formatted by the system

21. Displaying Data: The WRITE Statement 20 The most basic ABAP/4 Command which outputs text/data to the screen.

22. Displaying Data: The WRITE Statement 21 New Line without this, the output will be written on the current line

23. Displaying Data: The WRITE Statement 22 Column Position without this, the output will be written on the current column

24. Displaying Data: The WRITE Statement 23 String Output Limiter the output characters will be limited to the assigned quantity

25. Displaying Data: The WRITE Statement 24 Output can be either a variable or constant

26. Displaying Data: Using the FORMAT Command 25 FORMAT [INTENSIFIED] [INTENSIFIED OFF] [COLOR color] [COLOR OFF] [INVERSE] [INVERSE OFF] [RESET].

27. Displaying Data: Displaying Messages Syntax MESSAGE message type message number [WITH text]. message type – a single character which defines the type of message displayed message number – a three-digit code referring to a corresponding text found in the message ID specified in the REPORT statement WITH text – additional text displayed together with the error message 26

28. Displaying Data: Displaying Messages 27 MessageTypeConsequences E Error The message appears and the application stops at the current point it is at. W Warning The message appears and the user must press enter for the application to continue. I Information A pop-up window opens with the message text, and the user must press Enter to continue. A Abend This message class cancels the transaction that the user is currently using. S Success This message provides an informational message at the bottom of the screen and does not impede the program in any way. X Abort This message aborts the program and generates an ABAP/4 Short Dump

29. Displaying Data: Displaying Messages 28 E Error The message appears and the application stops at the current point it is at.

30. Displaying Data: Displaying Messages 29 W Warning The message appears and the user must press enter for the application to continue.

31. Displaying Data: Displaying Messages 30 I Information A pop-up window opens with the message text, and the user must press Enter to continue.

32. Displaying Data: Displaying Messages 31 A Abend This message class cancels the transaction that the user is currently using.

33. Displaying Data: Displaying Messages 32 S Success This message provides an informational message at the bottom of the screen and does not impede the program in any way.

34. Displaying Data: Displaying Messages 33 X Abort This message aborts the program and generates an ABAP/4 Short Dump

35. Displaying Data: Displaying Messages 34 Important Note To output Messages, add the option “MESSAGE ID name” to the REPORT command. The message id name contains the standard texts for the error messages. To create a Message ID, just write the desired name (which has to start with either Z or Y) after the message-id option, then double-click the name.

36. 35 The End

37. Praktikum ABAP SE 80 SE 38 SE 11 SE 37 etc John Natal 2011 / UMN 36

38. 37 SAP R/3 Basics: Creating an ABAP/4 Program 2 ways to access the ABAP Editor : 1.Type “SE38” in the Command Field,then press “ENTER” 2.Double Click, the Transaction Code Link “SE38” in the Favorites Box in the Easy Access Menu * Applicable only if the Favorites Menu is already set-up.

39. 38 SAP R/3 Basics: Creating an ABAP/4 Program The Usual Path in the SAP Standard Menu: TOOLS > ABAP WORKBENCH > DEVELOPMENT > SE38 – ABAP EDITOR

40. 39 SAP R/3 Basics: Creating an ABAP/4 Program Upon entering the ABAP Editor: Initial Screen… 1. Type your program name in the Program Name Field All program names have to start with either a ‘Z’ or a ‘Y’ ! !

41. 40 SAP R/3 Basics: Creating an ABAP/4 Program 2. Make sure that the radio button is set at “Source Code”

42. 41 SAP R/3 Basics: Creating an ABAP/4 Program 3. Click “Create”

43. 42 SAP R/3 Basics: Creating an ABAP/4 Program Display is used for viewing a program’s subobject without editing it Change is used for editing a program’s subobject

44. 43 SAP R/3 Basics: Creating an ABAP/4 Program Change is used If you want to edit a program After Clicking “Create”, the Attributes Window will appear:

45. 44 SAP R/3 Basics: Creating an ABAP/4 Program Change is used If you want to edit a program 1. Type The Program Title,which is usually the Program description

46. 45 SAP R/3 Basics: Creating an ABAP/4 Program Change is used If you want to edit a program 2. Select “EXECUTABLE PROGRAM” under Type

47. 46 SAP R/3 Basics: Creating an ABAP/4 Program Change is used If you want to edit a program 3. Click “SAVE” or press “ENTER”

48. 47 SAP R/3 Basics: Creating an ABAP/4 Program After Clicking “Save”, an Object Directory Window will appear:

49. 48 SAP R/3 Basics: Creating an ABAP/4 Program Type “&TMP” in the Development Class Field And Click the “Save” Button

50. 49 SAP R/3 Basics: Creating an ABAP/4 Program OR Just simply click the “Local Object” button

51. 50 SAP R/3 Basics: Creating an ABAP/4 Program Important Note! The Programs that you’ll be making are saved as Local Objects simply because they will never be transported from your Development Server to your Production Server. In actual practice, a Workbench Change Request Number is issued by the system for the Basis Consultants to properly transport your code.

52. 51 SAP R/3 Basics: Creating an ABAP/4 Program After Clicking “Save”or “Local Object”, You are now in the ABAP Editor You can now start ABAPING!