1. Southeast Asia Section 2: History Objective 1: to summarize important events in Southeast Asian History Objective 2: to explain how important geographic features impacted the history of the region. Objective 3: Summarize western imperialism in the region

2. Ancient Southeast Asia Population increase due to fertile lands. Where are most people settling? Chinese invaded Vietnam as early as 100 B.C. Increase of trade in the region Start of ethnic diversity

3. The Great Kingdoms Between 500 and 1500 C.E. kingdoms grew and expanded Where are most people settling? What was an important economic activity in the region? Location to vital trade routes led to increased contact with India and China. Strait of Malacca In Cambodia – Khmers developed advanced agricultural techniques Reservoirs for irrigation Selling of surplus food Mongols (1287) Harsh environment and defense made them turn back

7. Khmers in Cambodia Settled valley in peninsular Indochina Used land accordingly Reservoirs example of HEI Seed culture for SE Asia Suryavarman II built Angkor Wat Dedicated to Vishnu Empire spread in SE Asia until 1287

9. Age of Commerce 1400s Maritime based economy What aided the spread of Islam in the region? European focus on the Maluku Islands Portuguese in 1511 What gave Europeans an advantage in the region? Western colonial powers exploited the region for resources What country remained independent?

14. 20 th Century Early 1900s see independence movements grow WWII – Japan takes control By 1957, many gained independence Vietnam’s fight was long and bloody Ho Chi Minh fought the French and Americans Vietnam was united under communism in 1975 Fighting caused problems in neighboring Cambodia and Laos Khmer Rouge devastated Cambodia during the 70s Pol Pot

16. Recovery After years of violence and poor communist, economic problems, Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia suffered Vietnam adopted many capitalist practices and turned economies around Cambodia and Laos still among the poorest in the world Indonesia and Malaysia marketed their resources and varied their economies Decreased agriculture and increased manufacturing Singapore became an Asian Tiger in the 1990s