1. Reading in the Content Areas
Team 7 Special Services Teachers
Alabama State Department of Education

2. Every teacher is a reading teacher.
Every teacher should develop background.
Every teacher should teach vocabulary.
Every teacher should teach comprehension strategies.

3. Four Strategies to Teach Comprehension
Expand background knowledge
Extensive reading
Strategic reading
Discussion of what students have read

4. Text Structure Front matter End matter
Cover, title page, dedication, preface, & table of contents
End matter
Appendix, bibliography, illustrations, glossary, & index

5. Text Organization Narrative Expository
Setting, character, problem, events, & resolution
Expository
Cause/effect, problem/solution, comparison/contrast, description, & chronological order

6. Expository Text Introductory paragraphs Definitions Illustrations
Comparison & contrast
Cause & effect
Sequence
Description
Problem & solution
Summary

7. Context Clues Definition
The atmosphere is the earth’s outer covering of air.
Description
Mary is a diligent student who studies constantly.
Example
The lantern illuminated the cave walls so well that we could see spiders crawling all over them.
Comparison
Peter is as lethargic as a bear hibernating in the winter.
Contrast
Paul is a pessimist, but Mary, his girlfriend, is always happy.

8. Recreational Reading (18 test items)
These reading materials are those materials that one reads for pleasure.
Suggested examples are: short stories, poems, fables, myths, legends, tall tales, novels, and plays.

9. Textual Reading (18 test items)
This type of reading refers to the abilities required in order to be able to read grade-appropriate textbooks as well as other sources of information.
Examples are charts, graphs, textual directions, word problems, and textbook reading other than literature.

10. Functional Reading (18 test items)
This refers to the interpretation of material that is designed to help the reader make something, do something, or do something that has has a direct bearing on everyday activities.
Examples are directions, assembly instructions, maps, tables, schedules, menus, and newspapers.

11. Before Reading Set the purpose. Motivate the students.
Why are they reading?
Motivate the students.
How will I get them interested?
Prior knowledge, visuals, challenge question
Teach/review needed vocabulary words.
Phonics, structural analysis, definitions, graphic organizers

12. Before Reading Activities
Brainstorming
Make a web
Make up own questions
Survey/scan
Predict
Use map or visual

13. During Reading How will students read?
Shared reading
Independent reading
Guided reading
Reader response groups
What will students do as they read?
What will I do as they read?
Model, guide, listen

14. During Reading Activities
Find answers to questions
Write in journal
Fill in outline
Ask questions
Add information to web
Take notes
Re-read when necessary
Share with small group/partner
Read small sections then discuss/summarize
Locate main idea and details in paragraphs
Listen to audio taped version

15. After Reading What related activities will I provide?
How will I evaluate what students have learned?
Performance assessments
Assessments through personal communication
Standard assessments

16. After Reading Activities
Retell
Debate
Panel discussion
Dramatization
Oral presentation
Webbing
Research related topic
Journal writing
Pen pal writing
Interview
Respond in groups
Illustrate
Current events
Reteach

17. Assessment Guide Main idea Context clues Reading for details Sequence
Selection mainly tells…, Best title?, another title might be…
Context clues
Reading for details
Sequence
Drawing a conclusion
From this selection you can tell…, the selection suggests that…, the selection is a description of…, you can conclude that…, ___ happened because ____, inference, analogies

18. Teaching Tools Charts Graphs Venn Diagrams Flow Charts Time Lines
Illustrations

19. Strategies to Extend Thinking
Wait time
Think-pair-share
Withhold judgment
Ask for summary
Survey the class
Discussion
Devil’s advocate
Think aloud
Call on students randomly
Student questions
Cue responses

20. Questioning In the book In my head Right there Think and search
Author and me
On my own

21. Discussion Guided discussion Reflective discussion
Teacher asks questions, probes student responses to clarify and extend, and provides information to focus discussion.
Reflective discussion
Students engage in critical and creative thinking to solve problems, clarify values, explore controversial issues, and defend positions.

22. Jigsaw Groups
Students become experts about a certain aspect of the reading material. Teams are formed and each student must teach other members of the team about his/her topic. Students must learn the information presented by other group members.