1. BIM and Soft Landings – A happy coincidence
BIM and Soft Landings – A happy coincidence ? Nick Nisbet, AEC3 & buildingSMART BSRIA 26th January 2011

2. BIM BIM a quick introduction developments in the US
BIM, as we practice it here
forthcoming developments in BIM
Is it better than current practice ?
Is it a real practical benefit ?
Where are the advantages to be had ?

3. Introducing buildingSMART
Nicholas Nisbet

4. The Cost of Inadequate Interoperability
The Problem
The cost of not addressing interoperability in US is $15bn p.a.
Probably more
Perhaps equivalent to £10/m2 in the UK
2/3 on Owners,
1/3 on Design and Construction
The Solution
Think and Act Globally using International Standards
Sharing building information
Standard terms, properties, classification
Common process descriptions
Connect with related standards (geographic, supply chain)
Think and Act Locally
Extend with local data e.g.
Provide local usage guidance
Apply local business rules
Source: Deke Smith (Chair)

5. buildingSMART vision
To provide a universal basis for process improvement and information sharing in the construction and facilities management industries.
21 April 2017
© AEC3 Ltd

6. Geospatial Information
Need
IFC Usage
Space
Natural Asset
Linear Structure
Structure
Building
Facility / Built
Theatre / World
Sub-Systems
System
Level
Site
Real
Property Asset
Country
State / Province
County
Installation /
Region
Node
Segment
Room
Water / Sea
Land / Parcel
Underground
Air / Space
Geospatial Information
(GIS)‏
Overlay
Building information
(Building Information Models)‏
Components
City
Benchmarks/Comparisons for top-down work
Portfolio
Facility
Systems/elemental
Component/Product
Materials and Constructions
Libraries/Catalogues for bottom-up work
This diagram identifies how information is rolled up from the facility level up to the world view.
It is a joint effort from many in the industry including the Federal Real Property Council and OSCRE.
It shows how information inside a facility links into the geospatial world.

7. IFC Information Delivery. Information Delivery Information Delivery
Fornax
Solibri
BIM software
Arch, Struct, Eng Services
Civ Eng
Rules and regulations
Bldg, H&S, Planning
VRML
Visualisation
3D models
DDS
Octaga
Knowledge databases
Company
External
Simulation
Comfort
Air, heating
Lifecycle costs
Light and sound
Insulation
Use
Fire
Environmental impact
Life expectancy
BARBi
Byggforsk
Information Delivery
Functional
description
Functions
Calculations
Requirements
Constraints
dRofus
Facility Composer
IFC
Granlund
DDS
Reuse
Refurbishment
Demolition
Reconstruction
Focus
Tocoman FM
Renting, sale and use
Maintenance
Warranty
Description
Inc cost estimates
Information Delivery 4D
Schedules
Logistics
Sourcing
Product databases
Price databases
Lydia
ODIN
Nobb
Source: Lars Bjorkhaug, SINTEF . Pictures from: Selvaagbygg, DDS, Byggforsk, NBLN University of California, CIFE Stanford, Pythagoras and Oluf Granlund Yo.
IAI UK Board 18/10/05

8. Fire Protection Elements
Electrical Elements
transformers, motors, generators,
switches, protective devices,
power and communication outlets
panels, cubicles
Shape (explicit)
Sanitary Elements
WC’s, urinals, baths, bidets, traps
gulleys
Shape (extrusions)
beams, pipes, ducts, walls etc.
Shape (topology)
line representations for pipe, duct, etc.
Fire Protection Elements
sprinklers, hose reels, hydrants,
wet/dry rising mains
Building Elements
wall, door, window, roof, stairs, etc.
Furniture
inc. system furniture
HVAC Equipment
chillers, fans, pumps, boilers,
coils, cooling towers, heaters,
heat exchangers, etc..
Relations Between Elements
holes, chases, voids, zones
Structural analysis:
structural members, boundary
conditions, connections, supports,
loads, etc.
Spaces, Space Structure
space, storey, part, building, site
Zones, Compartments
fire, workstation, rising ducts,
shafts
Structural Elements
members, profiles, rebars, properties,
joints, features, surface

9. Controls, Instruments Systems Grids Lighting Draughting Manholes
sensor, actuator, controller,
gauge, meter
Systems
piping, ducting, cable, structural
Grids
Lighting
fittings, rendering, photo-accurate
lighting
Draughting
Manholes
manholes, inspection chambers,
access chambers, meter chambers,
valve chambers
Holes and Bases
holes, sleeves, packing, framing,
upstands, vibration isolation
Time Series
time related events
Accessories
brackets, drop rods, steel sections,
bracket assemblies, screws, bolts etc.
Constraints
rules, specifications, requirements
trigger conditions
Asset Management
maintenance history, inventories
Environmental Impact
embodied energy, CO2
Help
request, action, permit, warranty,
operation

10. £ $ Actors Geographical Elements Costing Coordinate Mapping30
Actors
people, organizations, addresses
Geographical Elements
features, contours, regions
£ $
Costing
cost planning, estimates, budgets,
whole life
Coordinate Mapping
geodetic, cartesian
Work Plans and Schedules
inc. nested schedules, resource allocation
Orders
work orders, change orders,
purchase orders
External Data
Classification
OCCS
Uniclass
Associated Documents
Connectivity
services, structure, building

11. IDM – Information Delivery Manual
Requirement & Goal
Standardize on information needed for specific tasks within the building lifecycle
Development based upon open data standards used by all
Provides requirements to software companies
To improve the construction process:
Information must be available when it is needed
Quality of information needs to be appropriate
In an optimized information centric environment everyone can work off the same data when they need to and they are kept appraised of the progress of others
This capability was demonstrated recently at the buildingSMART Industry Day at the National Academy of Sciences on November 1, 2006.
The following companies demonstrated their products all working off the same Norwegian project – HITOS.
The following groups were all working on the same IFC model on stage at the same time. - BIM is here
Graphisoft - information markers, 3D pdf
Bentley - import model - export to Google earth 3D pdf,
EliteCAD - Netherlands, new system - simple. The Sketch Up of BIM, just now supporting IFC
CRC - Australia Code Checking - did a ground plane related area calculation that is required in Australia
Solibri - Accessibility checking, door sizes for routing, toilet wheelchair circles.
Navis Works Jetstream - powerful viewer, bring together files of any format.
DDS Viewer - free - not only geometry, but information, even edit model by adding information and save updated model.
IFD (dictionary) - go to library, chose language, find the item to add something. CSI is working on  US  language version. Design into procurement. Item chosen goes into IFC model.
Octaga - high quality visualization model viewer. Change out materials on the fly, what ifs... Not quite Max for IFC but that direction.
cRofus - build room data sheet, export raw geometry into CAD, or work in CAD - import BIM IFC into cRofus. Model check between plan / model program - actual
Grunland - MEP - Imported BIM, simulation and analysis for MEP, both envelope and inside loads, test things like add window shades / rerun. Also energy performance - can export this back to BIM.
Tekla - BIM Structure - analysis to IFC
DDS - IFC MEP Software (no details)
Electrical safety - circuit diagrams, panels, etc. Interesting because there is no 3D stuff, just diagrams. Fix it and send it back into IFC model.
CRC - Australia - Environmental impact model, (also earlier code check demo) change a finish, check, etc.
Gemini Terrain - zoning, mapping, GIS / IFC link buildable volume display - Google earth - byggsok permit application to check zoning and EDM model server to share and accessibility check
Specification and costing - views broken down by Uniformat or whatever.
RAMBygg - Denmark - IFC based FM system focus on grouping building systems in light of maintenance.
Digital Alchemy - IFC view in Visio. Not yet released, but important that this is Microsoft / IFC connection - could be useful in many ways.
Oracle - collaborative BIM platform, built a web viewer with markups
EPM ModelServer - check in - checkout through IDM or ownership / discipline, etc. central hub for various applications
Onuma planning system - web based, bubble diagrams, links to excel or whatever, round and round.
Courtesy: Dianne Davis, AEC Infosystems

12. Geometry for energy analysis
Breakdown of geometry in IFC format shown in free neutral viewer
Geometry for energy analysis relies on definition of ‘space boundaries’
Evaluation of simulation advantages for interoperable–modeled design
(MIUR – Italian Ministry of the Education, University and Research)

13. Air systems for safe evacuation of buildings
Using DDS HVAC partner to trace over scanned HVAC drawings to capture service elements and routes

14. Environmental assessment
Environmental impact of building proposals (Atkins)
Applies the BRE EcoPoints methodology
Assessment of Whole Life Costing
Energy assessment using the IES VE
Using an IFC 2x database to hold:
proposed designs
library of construction properties.
library of material properties.
Allows designers to:
assess their buildings
modify the materials selected.

15. Material Management /m2 /m3 /kg Layering Material Thickness Ventilated
Materials
Constructions
Rates
/m2
/m3
/kg
Calculate
Layering
Material
Thickness
Ventilated

16. Measures of Building Evaluation Breakdown by Volume Mass Cost
Storey
Zone
Type
Construction
Measures of
Volume
Mass
Cost
UK BRE EcoPoints
… WLCC
… Embodied Energy

17. Application in Practice
Real projects using 3D BIM and IFC
Reconstruction- Office Bldg
Construction- Factory
Design- Central Train Station
Design- Airport
Construction- Housing
Construction- Metro Station …

18. Singapore: ePlanChecking
Regulations D A T B S E U M I O N C F W R
RULE CHECK
VIEW/BROWSE
CAD
File
IFC
DGN,DWG,DXF
Singapore: ePlanChecking
Automatic building regulation checking proved in Singapore
Applied for planning regulations in Norway
Proven for performance based regulations (Avanti programme)
Approach being extended for US building codes

19. IFC-SBEM Link (SMART Regulations)
Link from buildingSMART to Simplified Building Energy Method for part L2 analysis
Cuts hours of data collection and analysis to minutes
Building Monthly Energy by End Use (kWh/m2)
Second graph produced showing monthly variation, particularly in heating (red) and cooling( blue)

20. Akershus Hospital (Oslo, Norway)‏
Webcam at :49:00

21. Tromso College Tertiary college in North Norway
Whole building design using buildingSMART principles
Using documented processes
Design process being monitored

22. re-using structured data.
Interoperability
BIM is about
re-using structured data.
Interoperability is about the
how ? - IFC
when ? - IDM
what ? - IFD
21 April 2017
© AEC3 Ltd

23. COBie: A new approach from North America
Handover
COBie: A new approach from North America
21 April 2017
© AEC3 Ltd

24. handover data captured and lost many times
designer creates space and equipment layouts
Equipment data captured during construction on invoices/reports
construction contractor conducts post-construction survey
wait many years to provide the survey data to the facility operator
once received, store the surveys in a boiler room
facility manager conducts separate survey to find “lost” data and finally…
hand load data into maintenance system
Handover process unchanged for over 100 years!
20-Apr-08
Engineer Reseach and Development Center

25. COBie the Construction Operations Building Information Exchange format
where is COBie required?
designer deliverable
construction handover specification
construction commissioning specs
capture data as you go
design
construction
commissioning
easy to use
spreadsheet
each party adds only their part
convertible to and from IFC
20-Apr-08
Engineer Reseach and Development Center

26. COBie2 design build common Facility Job Floor Type Resource Space
(parts/warranty)
Resource
Space
Component
(serial number)
Spare
Zones
Systems
build
Contacts
Coordinates
common
Documents
Attributes
Issues
Connections
17-Mar-10
ERDC 2010 (c)

27. what data do designers add?
Facility
Identification of facility(ies) referenced in a file
Floor
Description of vertical levels
Space
Spaces referenced in a project
Zone
Functional group of spaces
Type Register
Material/equipment/etc. catalog and submittal register
Component
Individually named materials and equipment
System
Functional group of components
20-Apr-08
Engineer Reseach and Development Center

28. start with identifying who is entering data
Yellow:
Required data
Purple:
Required to track interoperability.
Green:
Optional Fields
(see contract specs)
20-Apr-08
Engineer Reseach and Development Center

29. enter name of facility Engineer Reseach and Development Center
20-Apr-08
Engineer Reseach and Development Center

30. identify floors, roof, and site work
20-Apr-08
Engineer Reseach and Development Center

31. enter spaces into worksheet
20-Apr-08
Engineer Reseach and Development Center

32. list major building systems and zones
20-Apr-08
Engineer Reseach and Development Center

33. what data do contractors add?
Type Register
Product data, submittals, warranties,
Component
Serial numbers, installation dates, tags and barcodes
Spares
Details of spares and spare sets
Resources
Skills, tools and materials needed
Jobs
PM, start-up, shut-down job steps
Documents
Submittal documents etc
20-Apr-08
Engineer Reseach and Development Center

34. import designer’s type and submittal register
20-Apr-08
Engineer Reseach and Development Center

35. load data from schedules into ‘components’ worksheet
20-Apr-08
Engineer Reseach and Development Center

36. what data do commissioning teams add ?
Attributes
Settings, measurements and configurations
Documents
Logs and records, installation photos
Issues
Remaining issues and hazards
Connections
Confirm connections between plant systems and components
20-Apr-08
Engineer Reseach and Development Center

37. conclusions COBie is an exchange format, not specific software.
COBie data may be created manually or through use of CADD or BIM software.
COBie needs Product Information
For more information:
search on COBIE
20-Apr-08
Engineer Reseach and Development Center

38. example sheet: Jobs field name example value 17-Mar-10 ERDC 2010 (c)
Boiler Inspection - Annual
Category PM
Status
Not Yet Started
TypeName
Combi Boiler
Description
1. Shut down boiler - secure fuel supply and electric power. Lockout/Tagout as required. 2. Inspect and clean boiler tubes. 3. Check combustion chamber for air and/or gas leaks. 4. Check fuel lines and connections for damage. 5. Check for proper operational response of burner to thermostat controls. Adjust as required. 6. Check and lubricate burner and blower motors. 7. Check main flame failure protection and main flame detection scanner on boiler equipment with spark ingnition (oil burner). 8. Check electrical wiring to burner controls and blower. 9. Clean firebox (sweep and vacuum) Check operation of control switches (i.e. steam pressure, hot water temperature limit, atomizing or combustion air proving, etc.). 11. Check hot water pressure gages. 12. Check condition of flue pipe, damper and exhaust stack. 13. Check boiler operation through complete cycle (approximately 30 minutes) Clean area around equipment. 15. Complete work order time and materials. Mandatory comments required!! 16. Report outstanding discrepancies to supervisor for corrective action.
Duration
120
DurationUnit
minute
Start
T00:00:00
TaskStartUnit
year
Frequency 1
FrequencyUnit
TaskNumber
B-1
Priors
ResourceNames
Cad Call Relay Switch Flame Sensors , Halide Leak Detector Kit, Boiler Certification Course
17-Mar-10
ERDC 2010 (c)

39. enable and enhance commissioning management and commissioning processes ?
the capture  of commissioning, pre-handover, handover, and post-occupation activities
greater control for clients of things that tend to get forgotten in the rush to complete the build works?
enable and enhance FM and asset management?
the three years professional aftercare process
enable and enhance the Soft Landings approach?
ensuring that fitness for purpose doesn't get compromised by value engineering
reality checking design
m&e specifications  

40. No more pallets ! Questions ? Thank you !
21 April 2017
© AEC3 Ltd