1. God Has Spoken III Matthew 5:17-18; Luke 4:16-21

4. How It All Began Biblical books were written separatelyBiblical books were written separately Acts 1:1Acts 1:1 In three languages: Hebrew, Aramaic, GreekIn three languages: Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek

5. How It All Began Aramaic was the spoken language of JesusAramaic was the spoken language of Jesus The New Testament was written in koine (common) GreekThe New Testament was written in koine (common) Greek Mark 5:41 - Aramaic from JesusMark 5:41 - Aramaic from Jesus

6. How It All Began Various materials usedVarious materials used –Stone - Ten Commandments –Clay Tablets - inlaid with wax –Metal - gold, silver, copper, and bronze –Ostraca - broken pieces of pottery (scrap paper)

7. How It All Began PredominantPredominant –PAPYRUS - Used in Egypt from 3000 BC –Made from the plant (Ex. 2:3) –Thin strips crossed and pressed together –Dried

8. How It All Began PapyrusPapyrus –Our word paper comes from this word –Bible comes from biblos - Greek word for papyrus –Scrolls made by gluing together sheets of papyrus –NT first written on papyrus (2 John:12)

9. How It All Began Leather and parchment (or vellum)Leather and parchment (or vellum) –Dried animal skins –Tanned with chemicals or dried –2 Timothy 4:13

10. How It All Began Scrolls gave way to the CODEXScrolls gave way to the CODEX –Pages of papyri put together on top of one another; folded and stitched –Book form of today

11. How Has It Kept? The Old TestamentThe Old Testament –Luke 4:17 - Jesus read from Isaiah –Isaiah had written 700 years before Jesus’ incarnation –Copied over time –Jesus knew it was what Isaiah wrote

12. How Has It Kept? The Jews (scribes) copied the documents with great careThe Jews (scribes) copied the documents with great care Handout from Stories of the BibleHandout from Stories of the Bible Documents same over hundreds of yearsDocuments same over hundreds of years

14. How Has It Kept? New TestamentNew Testament –We have papyri dating back to as early as 130 AD –There is no other document from the ancient world as well preserved and kept as the New Testament

15. How Has It Kept? Histories of Tacitus- 4.5 copiesHistories of Tacitus- 4.5 copies Livy’s History of Rome - 35 surviveLivy’s History of Rome - 35 survive Homer – Iliad-643Homer – Iliad-643 New TestamentNew Testament 5,300 manuscripts5,300 manuscripts 10,000 copies of Latin Vulgate10,000 copies of Latin Vulgate 9,300 other early versions9,300 other early versions > 24,000 total> 24,000 total