1. Unit 1: SOLs 2-4 Early Man & River Valley Civilizations
WHI- SOL Review Unit 1
Unit 1: SOLs 2-4
Early Man & River Valley Civilizations

2. Early Man (SOL 2) Homo-sapiens (a.k.a. Humans)
100,000 to 400,000 years ago they left Africa
Moved to Eurasia, Australia, & the Americas
Early humans dependent on availability of wild plants & animals

3. Early Man (SOL 2)… Describe Paleolithic societies:
Nomadic, used basic tools (including weapons), fire, small clans, oral language, cave art
Why were they nomadic?
Followed their food (animals)
How did making fire help them?
Cook food, move to colder environments, heat, etc…..

4. Early Man (SOL 2)… Neolithic Age
-Agriculture (“Farming”), Domesticated plants & animals, advanced tools, pottery, weaving skills
What was the pottery & weaving used for?
To make baskets & containers for food & storage.

5. Early Man (SOL 2)… Archaeologists: What do they do?
Have an archaeological dig: dig slowly & carefully, section by section. Further down you dig the older it is.
Examine the artifacts & fossils (Carbon-dating)
Make educated guesses as to the use of those artifacts & fossils for early man.

6. Stonehenge
Archeological site in England. Started in Neolithic Age, finished in the Bronze Age.

7. Aleppo & Jericho
Cities in the Fertile Crescent under excavation by archaeologists.

8. Catalhoyuk
Currently under excavation in Anatolia

9. Ancient River Valleys (SOLs 3 &4)
New Stone Age settlements occurred along river valleys & the Fertile Crescent.
Why settle along river valleys?
Irrigation water
Rich soil
Protection from invasion

10. Ancient River Valleys (SOLs 3 &4)…
Fertile Crescent
Society: slavery, Dynasties, social classes
Laws: 10 Commandments, Hammurabi’s Code
Economy: Trade
Polytheistic v. Monotheistic
Hebrews: Judaism, Jordon River

11. Religions Judaism: Christianity Abraham Moses & the 10 Commandments
Torah
Monotheistic
Hebrews/ Jews
Hebrew language
Christianity
Jesus
Savior & Son of God
Based off of Judaism
Old Testament
Monotheistic
Life after Death: Heaven or Hell
Bible: Old & New Testaments

12. Ancient River Valleys (SOLs 3 &4)…
Mesopotamia:
Tigris & Euphrates
Part of Fertile Crescent
Cuneiform
Polytheistic
Babylon:
Hammurabi’s Code
Egypt:
Nile River (Africa)
Pharaoh
Hieroglyphics
Pyramids
Polytheistic

13. Ancient River Valleys (SOLs 3 &4)…
China:
Huang He (Yellow)
Silk Roads
Great Wall (Qin Shi Huangdi)
Contributions: Silk, Paper, Porcelain, Gunpowder, Fireworks, Civil Service System, Compass
Dynasties: Mandate of Heaven
Confucianism & Tao/Daoism

14. Ancient River Valleys (SOLs 3 &4)…
India:
Indus & Ganges
Hindu-Kush, Himalayas, Indian Ocean
Aryans
Hinduism
Buddhism: Asoka & his missionaries
Gupta Dynasty: Golden Age, Math, Textiles

15. Religions… Hinduism: Buddhism: Reincarnation Karma Vedas & Upanishads
Monotheistic
Many forms of 1 God
Caste System
Moksha
Buddhism:
Reincarnation
Karma
Four Noble Truths
Eightfold Path to Enlightenment
Siddhartha Gautama
Not really a God/ Monotheistic
Nirvana

16. Ancient River Valleys (SOLs 3 &4)…
Persia:
Tolerant
Imperial Bureaucracy
Road System
Zoroastrianism
Kush/ Nubians:
Located south of Egypt on the upper Nile. Traded.
Phoenicians:
Colonies all along Mediterranean (Tyre)
Alphabet

17. Review of key people & terms in SOLs 2-4
“Need to Know”
Review of key people & terms in
SOLs 2-4

18. People you need to Know Hammurabi Abraham Moses
King of Babylon (Mesopotamia)
Hammurabi’s Code
Eye for an eye
Abraham
Founder of Judaism
Moses
Exodus
Free Jews from Egypt
10 Commandments

19. People… Siddhartha Gautama Asoka Qin Shi Huangdi Founder of Buddhism
Buddha
Asoka
Emperor who hired missionaries to spread Buddhism
Qin Shi Huangdi
Chinese Emperor
Built the Great Wall

20. Dates to Know
100,000 – 400,000 yrs ago = Homo Sapiens emerged in Africa
3500 – 500 BC = River valley civilizations emerged

21. Time Periods to Know Paleolithic Era = Old Stone Age
Neolithic Era = New Stone Age
Bronze Age (when Stonehenge was finished)
River Valley Civilizations
Golden Age of Indian culture (Gupta)

22. Empires, Dynasties & Kingdoms to Know
India
Mauryan
Asoka
Gupta (Golden Age)
China
Qin

23. Religions to Know Judaism Christianity Zoroastrianism Hinduism
Buddhism
Confucianism
Taoism

24. Conflicts to Know
Aryans came down through Hindu-Kush mountains & invaded India
Mongols tried to invade China
Great Wall

25. Writings & Art to Know Torah Code of Hammurabi Ten Commandments
Vedas & Upanishads
Four Noble Truths
Eightfold Path to Enlightenment

26. Civilizations to Know Hunter-Gatherers (Paleolithic)
Neolithic societies
River Valley:
Egypt
Mesopotamia
China
India
Hebrews
Phoenicians
Nubia

27. Question time! Let’s see how you do.
Questions based off of SOLs 2-4

28. Why was Paleolithic man nomadic. A. To follow his food B. To farm C
Why was Paleolithic man nomadic? A. To follow his food B. To farm C. For a change of scenery

29. Why did early man develop fire. A. To cook his food B
Why did early man develop fire? A. To cook his food B. To be able to move to a colder place C. To adapt to the world around him D. All of the above

30. Why did the Neolithic man develop pottery & weaving skills. A
Why did the Neolithic man develop pottery & weaving skills? A. So they could have something to trade B. So they could have something pretty to look at C. To store food for future use

31. - Conduct a dig - Use carbon dating to analyze artifacts - State your analysis of what you think the objects were used for.
Whose job is described above? A. Endocrinologists B. Archaeologist C. Paleontologist D. Zoologists

32. What’s happening here. A. Moses is receiving the 10 Commandments B
What’s happening here? A. Moses is receiving the 10 Commandments B. Abraham is receiving the 10 Commandments C. Moses is receiving the 12 Tables D. Noah is receiving a vision about the Flood

33. Polytheistic, Ziggurats
?????
Hammurabi’s Code
Cuneiform
Polytheistic, Ziggurats
Which civilization is described above? A. Mesopotamia B. Egypt C. China D. Hebrew

34. This writing system was used by which civilization. A. China B
This writing system was used by which civilization? A. China B. Mesopotamia C. India D. Egypt

35. -Ruled by a line of dynasties -The mandate of heaven - Centered along the Yellow River
Which civilization is described above? A. Ancient Egypt B. Ancient India C. Ancient China D. Ancient Mesopotamia

36. In Confucianism & Taoism this symbol represents: A. God B. The World C
In Confucianism & Taoism this symbol represents: A. God B. The World C. Opposites D. Divinity

37. - Influenced by the Aryans - Practice Hinduism - Use a caste system
This is a description of which civilization? A. Ancient India B. Ancient China C. Ancient Egypt D. Ancient Japan

38. Who was responsible for spreading Buddhism?
Scribes
Serfs
Missionaries
Aryans

39. Which religious leader believed in the Four Noble Truths? A. Mohammad B. Siddhartha C. Jesus D. Abraham

40. What religion believes in reincarnation & karma?
Shintoism
Hinduism
Christianity
Judaism

41. -Tolerant of people they conquered - Developed an imperial bureaucracy - Had an effective road system - Practiced Zoroastrianism
Which civilization is described by the following? A. Incan B. Hebrew C. Phoenician D. Persian

42. Whose colonies are shown on this map. A. Roman B. Hebrew C
Whose colonies are shown on this map? A. Roman B. Hebrew C. Phoenician D. Persian