1. Ancient Greece Greek Mythology

4. What is a myth? n A traditional story rooted in primitive folk beliefs and stories of cultures. n Uses the supernatural to interpret natural events n Explains the culture’s view of the universe and the nature of humanity

5. In the beginning... n …was Chaos (shapeless nothingness) n Chaos had two children: –Night (darkness) –Erebus (death) n “All was black, empty, silent, endless.” n Mysteriously, Love was born of darkness and death.

6. And then... n When Love was born, order and beauty began to flourish. n Love created Light and Day. n Earth was created. –She was the solid ground, but also a personality. n The Earth bore Heaven to cover her and be a home for the gods.

7. The First Parents n Mother Earth = Gaea (Gaia) n Father Heaven = Ouranos (Uranus) n They had three kinds of children: –Three monsters with 100 hands and 50 heads –Three cyclopes –The titans

8. The Titans (The Elder Gods) n There were many of them. n Enormous size, incredible strength n Cronos (Saturn): Ruler of the titans n Rhea: Wife of Cronos n Oceanus: River that encircled the world n Iapetus: Son of Oceanus Father of Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Atlas (also titans)

9. The Principal Gods n Cronos and Rhea were parents of –Zeus* –Poseidon* –Hades –Hera* –Hestia * –Demeter* n Other Olympians include –Athena* –Ares* –Hebe –Hephaestus * –Apollo * –Artemis * –Hermes * –Aphrodite * –Dionysus * Indicates original Twelve Olympians

10. The Olympians

12. Mt. Olympus

14. Children of Chronus and Rhea

15. Zeus

16. Zeus

17. Zeus n Roman Name: Jupiter (also Jove) n Supreme god of the Olympians. n Weapon: Thunderbolt n NOT omniscient n Fathered many characters in mythology

18. Zeus

19. Zeus’s Statue

20. Hera

21. Hera

22. Hera n Roman Name: Juno n Zeus’s sister and wife n Jealous protector of marriage n Punished the women Zeus fell in love with

23. Poseidon

24. Poseidon

25. Poseidon n Roman Name: Neptune n God of the Seas and Waters n Weapon: trident n “The Earthshaker” n Gave horses to men

26. Hades

27. Hades

28. Hades

29. Hades n Roman Name: Pluto n Ruler of the Underworld/ Dead n Kidnapped Persephone n Not evil (but should be feared), not death himself

30. Hades

31. Demeter

32. Demeter n Roman Name: Ceres n Goddess of the Harvest n Lives on the Earth n Her mood affects the seasons n Mother of Persephone

33. Hestia

34. Hestia n Roman Name: Vesta n Goddess of Home n Powerful Protector

35. Zeus’ Children by Hera

36. Ares

37. Ares

38. Ares n Roman Name: Mars n God of War n Bloodthirsty and merciless n Had NO temples in Greece

39. Hebe

40. Hebe n Roman Name: Juventas n Goddess of Youth n Cupbearer to the Gods n Later married Heracles

41. Hephaestius

42. Hephaestius

43. Hephaestus n Roman Name: Vulcan n God of Fire/Forge n Kind, unlike his brother n Only ugly god n Husband of Aphrodite

44. Athena

45. Athena

46. Athena n Roman Name: Minerva n Goddess of Wisdom and Battle Maiden n Sprang directly from Zeus’s head (no mom)

47. ZEUS’ CHILDREN BY LETO (Daughter of the Titans, Coeus and Phoebe)

48. Apollo

49. Apollo

50. Apollo n Roman Name: Apollo n God of Light/Sun and Music n Master musician and poet n Twin Brother of Artemis

51. Artemis

52. Artemis n Roman Name: Diana n Goddess of the Moon/ Hunt n Virgin goddess n Twin Sister to Apollo

53. Other Children

54. Hermes

55. Hermes

56. Hermes n Roman Name: Mercury n Messenger of the Gods n Appears in more myths than any other character n Son of Zeus and Maia

57. Persephone n Roman Name: Proserpina n Goddess of the Underworld n Daughter of Zeus and Demeter n Abducted by Hades

58. Aphrodite

59. Aphrodite n Roman Name: Venus n Goddess of Love and Beauty n Sprang from the ocean foam n Or born of Zeus and Dione (says Homer)

60. Dionysus

61. Dionysus

62. Dionysus n Roman Name: Bacchus n God of Wine n Patron god of the Greek stage n A God of the Earth

63. The Olympians

64. Eros n Roman Name: Cupid n Young God of Love n Son of Aphrodite and Hephaestus

65. Iris n Goddess of the Rainbow n Messenger for Zeus and Hera n Daughter of the titan Thaumus and the nymph Electra

66. The Muses n Nine daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne n Inspired artists of all kinds n Goddesses who presided over the arts and sciences n “He is happy whom the muses love.” Clio, Urania, Thalia, Melpomene, Erato, Calliope, Euterpe, Terpsichore, Polyhymnia

67. The Muses

68. The Graces n Three Goddesses of Grace and Beauty n “They give life its bloom.” n Aglaia (Splendor) n Euphrosyne (Mirth) n Thalia (Good Cheer)

69. The Erinnyes (The Furies) n Roman Name: Furiae or Dirae (The Furies) n Three Goddesses of Vengeance –Tisiphone –Alecto –Megaera n They punish evildoers.

70. The Fates n Roman Name: Parcae, Moirae n Three sisters –Clotho (“The Spinner”) –Lachesis (“The disposer of lots”) –Atropos (“The cutter”) n They weave, measure, and cut the thread of life for humans.

71. The Fates

72. The Satyrs n Gods of the woods and mountains n “Shepherd gods” n Goat men (like Pan) n Companions of Dionysus n They like to drink, dance, and chase nymphs.

73. The Gorgons n Three snake- haired monsters n Medusa is most well-known n Their look turns men to stone.

74. The Centaurs n Half man, half horse n Savage creatures (except Chiron) n Followers of Dionysus

75. n The Titans

76. Cronus

77. Rhea

78. Atlas

79. Sources n Graphics in this presentation were taken from the following web sites: –http://www.bulfinch.org/fables/search.html –http://www.pantheon.org/ –http://www.messagenet.com/myths/ –http://mythman.com/ –http://web.uvic.ca/grs/bowman/myth/index.html –http://www.paleothea.com/ –http://www.entrenet.com/%7Egroedmed/greekm/myth.html