1. Chapter 3 Lecture Two of Two Greek Myth in the Archaic, Classical, and Hellenistic Periods ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

2. GREEK MYTH IN THE ARCHAIC PERIOD ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

3. Archaic Period Though set in the Mycenaean Age, myth is first written down in the Archaic Period. Homer's Iliad and Odyssey. – Alphabet made writing the oral epics down possible – A mix of Mycenaean and Dark Age materials ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

4. Archaic Period A generation after Homer, Hesiod (the first identifiable western author). He was a "poet," a maker of songs, inspired by the Muses on Mt. Helicon, near where he lived. Composed The Theogony, a compendium of deities and a creation account. ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

5. Archaic Period Other epics (now lost) are called the Epic Cycles Homeric Hymns survive. – Songs sung to various deities Personal lyric comes from this period: not in the third person. – Often refer to myth ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

6. CLASSICAL PERIOD ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

7. Classical Period No official version of myths, hence they had no authority, like the sacred tales of other cultures. Cleared the way for the development of ethics, independent of divine revelation. Rhapsodes performed memorized scripts (different from aoidoi). ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

8. Classical Period Writing made choral song possible – small groups of performers in unison Pindar's songs often use myth as their basic material. Also Bacchylides ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

9. Classical Period Theatrical performances our most plentiful source for Greek myth – tragedy < "goat-song?" Peisistratus Dionysus Aristotle's analysis of the effect of theatre through pity and fear to a release of them both. ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

10. Classical Period Aristotle's assessment – turning around – turning down – hamartia (not a flaw) – hubris ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

11. Classical Period The great tragedians discussed and compared – Aeschylus – Sophocles – Euripides ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

12. Figure 3.10 Theatrical Masks Performers on the Greek stage all wore masks. ©2012 Pearson Education Inc. Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples; © Bettmann/CORBIS. All Rights Reserved

13. HELLENISTIC PERIOD ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

14. Hellenistic Period All Greek literature that survives passed through the Mouseion (The Hall of the Muses), the great Library in Alexandria. Literature read aloud in small assemblies – Unlike the performances of the aoidoi and rhapsodes – Learned and often obscure ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

15. Hellenistic Period "Alexandrian" poetry Apollonius of Rhodes Allegorical readings of myth in philosophical schools – Stoics The Library of Apollodorus Pausanias's travel guide ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

16. ROMAN APPROPIATION OF GREEK MYTH ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

17. Roman Appropriation Adopted and adapted by Roman writers. – Vergil Aeneid – Ovid Metamorphoses – Seneca tragedies ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

18. Roman Appropriation Writing freezes the oral traditions. Do we study myth as myth per se or as a subdivision of literary criticism? The book does both: identifies the better known written variants and discusses them as literature. ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.

19. End ©2012 Pearson Education Inc.