1. River Valley Civilizations
SOL Terms for Review

2. Mesopotamia or Sumer (The Southern Part of Mesopotamia)
*First Civilization in the world which means land between two rivers.

3. Ziggurat
Pyramid shaped monument
Sumerian religious temple

4. Cuneiform
Sumerian form of writing
“Wedge shaped”

5. Hammurabi
Babylonian Emperor who came up with the first written law code in the world.

6. Nile
The longest river in the world. This is where the Egyptian Civilization began.

7. Hieroglyphics
Egyptian system of writing which used pictures for ideas and sounds.

8. Indus River
First Indian Civilizations developed along this river.

9. Gupta Empire Golden age of India Contributed Mathematics New textiles
literature

10. Hinduism
Polytheistic Religion which started in India that incorporates the caste system.

11. Sacred Text
For Hinduism, Vedas and Upanishads are what?

12. Buddhism Founded by Siddhartha Gautama
Basic beliefs include 4 Noble Truths and the 8 Fold Path

13. Asoka
This Indian Emperor spread Buddhism from India to China and all parts of Asia

14. China Early people settled along the Huang He River
Developed into Dynasties which ruled the land

15. Mandate of Heaven
Idea that the right to rule came from the gods

16. Great Wall
China’s first Emperor, Shi Huandgi built this to protect his people

17. Silk Roads
Facilitated trade between China and the Mediterranean Sea

18. Contributions of China
Civil Service
Paper
Silk
Porcelain

19. Confucianism Chinese philosophy which includes Respect for elders
Code of politeness
Emphasis on Education
Humans are good, not bad

20. Taoism Chinese philosophy which includes Humility
Simple living and inner peace
Harmony with nature

21. Yin and Yang
Represents opposites

22. Phoenicians
Created the first alphabet

23. Persians
Showed tolerance to conquered people and created the royal road system.

24. Bureaucracy
Persians developed this as a way to carry out the day to day running of government

25. Zoroastrianism
Religion of the Persians

26. Which civilization began along the Nile River, had pyramids, and a pharaoh?
A. Egypt
B. Mesopotamia
C. China
D. India

27. Which civilization began along the Nile River, had pyramids, and a pharaoh?
A. Egypt = Correct Answer!!!!
B. Mesopotamia
C. China
D. India

28. Which civilization did Confucianism and Taoism begin in?
A. Egypt
B. Persia
C. China
D. India

29. Which civilization did Confucianism and Taoism begin in?
A. Egypt
B. Persia
C. China = Correct Answer!!!!
D. India