1. Civilization characteristics Sumerians Babylonians Egyptians
Civilizations
Civilization characteristics
Sumerians
Babylonians
Egyptians

2. Civilization Characteristics
Cities
Well Organized Central Government
Complex Religion (Religious Hierarchy)
Job Specialization/Technology
Social Classes
Arts/Architecture
Public Works
Writing

3. Sumerians

4. Sumerians 3300 BC- about 2000BC City - Sumer
Government - City-States/ Theocracy: one single ruler per city- state. Each had own army and laws
Religion - Polytheistic, 1st organized religion, Ziggurats, Anu (Main God)
Jobs/Technology - Scribes, Carpenters, Traders, Weavers, Farmers
Social Classes –
Kings
Middle Class (priests and scribes)
Lower Class (everyone else)

5. Sumerians Arts/ Architecture - Ziggurats
Public Works - Irrigation, Flood Control
Writing - Cuneiform: ex. Epic of Gilgamesh
Technology - Irrigation, Sailboat

6. Babylonians

7. Babylonians 2000 BC – around 400BC
City - Babylon
Government - Absolute Monarchy, Hammurabi’s code
Religion - Polytheistic: Gods- Marduk, Anu
Job specialization - Officials, priests, traders, craftsmen, clerks, and farmers
Social Classes -
Upper: officials, priests, and traders
Middle: artisans, clerks, and farmers
Lower: slaves

8. Egypt

9. Egyptians 3200 BC – present City - Cairo, Alexandria, Memphis
Government - Theocracy/ Absolute Monarch
Religion - Polytheistic, Chief God: Amon Reh, (after life), Osiris/Isis (daily life)
Job Specialization - Scribes, Artisans, Farmers, Gov. Officials, Merchants, Engineers, and Healers
Social Classes –
Pharaoh/Royal family,
Priests. Priestess, Nobles
Merchants/Scribes/Artisans
Peasants, and Slaves

10. Egyptians cont.
Arts/Architecture - Pyramids, Sphinx, other temples, paintings/carvings and statues
Public Works - Irrigation (Nile), Pyramids: Peasants were required to work a certain amount each year
Writing - Hieroglyphics, Literature
Technology - Mummification, Mathematics, Calendar, Irrigation, Medicine

11. Egyptians cont.