1. Newton's First Law of Motion Grade 6 Unit 1 : Lesson #1
What is science?
Grade 6
Unit 1 : Lesson #1
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2. Newton's First Law of Motion
What you’ll learn
Vocabulary:
Science
Scientific theory
Scientific law
System
Life Science
Earth Science
Physical science
Technology
Define science and identify questions which science cannot answer.
Compare scientific theories and scientific laws.
Understand a system and its components.
Identify the three main branches of science.
Why it is important?
Science is used to learn more about the world we live in.
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3. Newton's First Law of Motion
Science
Science is a way of discovering and learning more about the natural world. One of the best ways to learn science is to look around and ask questions about what you see.
The word science comes from the Latin “scientia”, meaning “knowledge”. According to the Merriam-Webster’s dictionary we can define science as the knowledge attained through study or practice, or
knowledge covering general truths or the operation
of general laws especially as obtained and tested
through scientific method.
How does a
telephone work? 3 3
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4. Try this! What is science?
Newton's First Law of Motion
Try this!
What is science?
A way of discovering more about the natural world.
Using scientific knowledge to make products which people can use.
It is a learning that can answer scientific questions.
A and C
None of the above.
Answer: D
Answer: D
Reason: Science is a way of discovering more about the natural world. It is the learning and research that answers scientific questions 4 4
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5. Newton's First Law of Motion
Science
Although science attempts to answer many questions about our natural world, there are questions that science cannot answer.
Questions about politics, art, morality, and personal preference cannot be answered by science.
Science cannot tell who you should vote, what a poem means or which dress
you have to choose. 5 5
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6. Newton's First Law of Motion
Science
Science can answer a question with the information available at that time only. Answers given by science is uncertain because people would never know everything about the world.
With new knowledge, people might realize that old explanations no longer fit the new information. Some observations force scientists to look at old ideas and think of new explanations. Only possible explanations can be provided by Science.
Possible Outcomes
Explanation still possible
Explanation modified
Explanation discarded
New possible explanation
Question
One explanation
New Information 6 6
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7. Try this! Why can’t science answer questions with certainty?
Newton's First Law of Motion
Try this!
Why can’t science answer questions with certainty?
Answer: Answers given by science is uncertain because people would never know everything about the world.
Answer: Answers given by science is uncertain because people would never know everything about the world. 7 7
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8. Newton's First Law of Motion
Scientific theory
A scientific theory is an attempt to explain an observed repeated pattern in the natural world.
A scientific theory must be supported by results obtained from investigations and observations as they are not wild guesses or a random opinion.
A scientist is a person learned in science, especially natural science. (According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary)
As new data becomes available, scientists
can evaluate how the new data can fit a
theory. If the new data does not support
the theory, the theory can be modified to
fit the new data better. 8 8
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9. Try this! What is a scientific theory?
It is a rule that describes a pattern in nature.
It is an attempt to explain an observed repeated pattern in the natural world.
Both A and B
None of the above
Answer: B
Answer: B
Reason: A scientific theory is an attempt to explain an observed repeated pattern in the natural world.
Speed is the rate of change of distance with time while velocity is the rate of change of displacement with time.
Speed is a scalar quantity while Velocity is a vector quantity. 9 9

10. Newton's First Law of Motion
Scientific law
A scientific law is a rule that describes a pattern in nature.
A scientific law does not try to explain why something happens. The explanation is given by a scientific theory.
For an observation to become a scientific law, it must follow a pattern which can be observed repeatedly. A scientific law stands until someone else makes an observation that does not follow the defined pattern.
For Example: The law of gravity helps us predict that an apple dropped from a small height always falls to Earth. But it does not explain the working and existence of gravity 10 10
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11. Try this! What is a scientific law?
It is an attempt to explain an observed repeated pattern in the natural world.
It is a rule that describes a pattern in nature.
Both A and B
None of the above
Answer: B
Answer: B
Reason: A scientific law is a rule that describes a pattern in nature. 11 11

12. Newton's First Law of Motion
Systems in Science
A system is a collection of structures, cycles, and processes that interact with each other and are inter related. The structures, cycles, and processes are the parts of a system. Systems are not found just in science.
For example: A school is a system with structures such as the building, tables, chairs, student, teacher, and many other things.
Daily class schedules and holiday calendar are examples of cycles.
Many processes are at work during the school day. Students might be asked to put away their books and papers before a test. When the test time is over, the students may be told to pass the test papers to the teacher.
The structures, cycles, and processes
in a system interact with one another.
For example: A student’s daily schedule
influences where and what time he/she
starts to school. The teacher knows
when the test is complete by looking
at the clock. 12 12
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13. Parts of a Whole All systems are made up of other systems.
Newton's First Law of Motion
Parts of a Whole
All systems are made up of other systems.
For example: A student is a part of the school system. The human body is a system – within the student’s body are other systems. The school is a part of the system – district, state, and national. The district is a part of a statewide school system.
National
State
School District
School System
Student
Human Body 13 13
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14. Parts of a Whole All systems are made up of other systems.
Newton's First Law of Motion
Parts of a Whole
All systems are made up of other systems.
For example:
A scientist might want to learn about how building constructions affects the ecosystem. Since the ecosystem has many parts, one scientist may study the effect of construction on animal life while another might study the effect on plant life. 14 14
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15. Try this! What is a system?
Answer: A system is a collection of structures, cycles, and processes that interact with each other and are inter related.
Answer: A system is a collection of structures, cycles, and processes that interact with each other and are inter related. 15 15

16. Branches of science Science is divided into three main branches:
1. Life science
2. Earth science
3. Physical science.
Each branch addresses questions related to different kinds of systems. 16
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17. Life Science
Life Science is the study of living systems and their interaction with other systems.
People working in the field of healthcare understand a lot about life sciences. Doctors, nurses, medical researchers, and others focus on the systems of the human body.
Examples of careers in life sciences include biologists, zookeepers, botanists, farmers, and beekeepers. 17
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18. Earth Science
Earth Science is the study of earth and the systems in space.
It includes the study of weather and climate, phenomena such as volcanoes and earthquakes, rocks, soil, clouds, rivers, oceans, objects in space such as stars, and planets. They investigate how geologic features such as land and oceans are formed.
Examples of careers in earth sciences include meteorologists who study weather and climate and geologists who study rocks and other geologic features. 18
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19. Physical Science Physical science is the study of matter and energy.
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
Energy is the ability to cause changes in matter.
All systems, both living and non living are made up of matter.
Physical science can be further divided into two fields:
Chemistry: Chemistry is the study of matter and its interactions.
Physics: Physics is the study of energy and its ability to change matter.
Examples of careers in physical science are physicists and chemists. Technicians working on X-rays and ultrasound in the medical field study physical science as they study the energy in ultrasound and X-rays and how it affects a living system. 19
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20. Try this! Which branch of science includes the study of weather?
Life Science
Earth Science
Physical Science
None of the above
Answer: B
Answer: B
Reason: Earth Science includes the study of weather. 20 20

21. Try this! What are the three main branches of science?
Zoology, Botany, Biology
Physics, Chemistry, Biology
Life science, Earth science, Physical science
Meteorology, Geology, Physics
Answer: C
Answer: C
Reason: The three main braches of science are Life science, Earth science and Physical science 21 21

22. Misconception Branches in science are isolated and never overlap.
Fact: Work in any branch of science often rely on information obtained from other branches.
For example: To understand how heat is produced by the Sun, an Earth scientist need to know about Physical science.
To study an organism’s interaction with its environment, a life scientist must know something about soil, water, rocks and the environment in which the organism lives. 22
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23. Science and Technology
Science is the learning and research that answers scientific questions and adds to the body of scientific knowledge. It has no practical use and does not help people directly unless it can be applied in some way.
Technology is the practical application of science. It is also known as applied science.
The study of human ear is science. Using this knowledge to develop hearing aids is technology.
Hearing aid 23
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24. Try this! What is technology?
Newton's First Law of Motion
Try this!
What is technology?
Using scientific knowledge to make products which people can use.
It is also known as Applied science.
It is a way of discovering and learning more about the natural world.
A and C
A and B
Answer: E
Answer: E
Reason: Technology is the practical application of scientific knowledge. It is also known as Applied science. 24 24
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25. Visualization Science Technology Physical Science Life Science
Newton's First Law of Motion
Visualization
Science
Technology
When applied is
Physical Science
Life Science
Earth Science
Physics
Chemistry
Study of Living Systems and the way they interact
Study of Earth Systems and the systems in Space
Study of Energy and its ability to change matter
Study of matter and its interactions 25 25
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26. Newton's First Law of Motion
Summary
Science is a way of discovering and learning more about the natural world.
Although science attempts to answer many questions about our natural world, there are questions that science cannot answer. Questions about politics, art, morality, and personal preference cannot be answered by science.
Science can answer a question with the information available at that time only. Answers given by science is uncertain because people would never know everything about the world.
A scientific theory is an attempt to explain an observed repeated pattern in the natural world. 26
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27. Newton's First Law of Motion
Summary
A scientific law is a rule that describes a pattern in nature.
A system is a collection of structures, cycles, and processes that interact with each other and are inter related. All systems are made up of other systems.
Science is divided into three main branches: Life Science, Earth Science and Physical Science. 27
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28. Newton's First Law of Motion
Summary
Life Science is the study of living systems and their interaction with other systems.
Earth Science is the study of earth and the systems in space.
Physical science is the study of matter and energy. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Energy is the ability to cause changes in matter. All systems, both living and non living are made up of matter.
Technology is the practical application of science. It is also known as applied science. 28
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29. Critical thinking activity
Newton's First Law of Motion
Critical thinking activity
School cafeteria is a system? Identify the structures, cycles and processes in this system.
Notes: Tables, spoons, ovens, and serving plates are some of the structures in a school cafeteria. Preparing and cooking the food form a few processes. Cycles include the different jobs a worker does during the course of a day, from cooking to serving to cleaning up afterwards. 29 29
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30. Newton's First Law of Motion
Assessment
Which of the following is an example of technology?
Studying optics to understand the nature and properties of light
Developing hearing aids by studying the human ear
Studying about the human body to understand how various organs work.
Answer: B
Answer: B
Reason: Developing hearing aids by studying the human ear is applied science which is also known as technology. 30
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31. Newton's First Law of Motion
Assessment
Compare scientific theory and scientific law.
Scientific Theory
Scientific Law
A scientific theory is an attempt to explain an observed repeated pattern in the natural world.
A scientific law is a rule that describes a pattern in nature. It does not try to explain why something happens.
Answer: A scientific theory is an attempt to explain an observed repeated pattern in the natural world. A scientific law is a rule that describes a pattern in nature. It does not try to explain why something happens. 31
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32. Newton's First Law of Motion
Assessment
When can a scientific theory change?
Answer: A scientific theory can change if new information becomes available.
Answer: A scientific theory can change if new information becomes available. 32
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33. Newton's First Law of Motion
Assessment
Name the different components of a system.
Answer: Structures, cycles and processes that relate and interact with one another.
Answer: Structures, cycles and processes that relate and interact with one another. 33
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34. Newton's First Law of Motion
Assessment
Name the three main braches of science.
Answer: Life science, Physical science, and Earth science.
Answer: Life science, Physical science, and Earth science. 34
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35. Newton's First Law of Motion
Assessment
A ______ is an explanation supported by results obtained from experiments and investigations.
Scientific law
Scientific theory
Technology
System
Answer: B
Answer: B
Reason: A scientific theory is an explanation supported by results obtained from experiments and investigations. 35 35
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36. Assessment Science Technology
Newton's First Law of Motion
Assessment
Compare Science and Technology by citing an example.
Science
Technology
Science is a way of discovering more about the natural world but does not have a practical use unless it is applied in the field of study.
Technology is the practical application of scientific knowledge. It helps people in their day to day chores. It is also known as applied science.
Example: Study of human eye
Example: Develop lenses and spectacles for clearer vision.
Answer: Science is a way of discovering more about the natural world but does not have a practical use unless it is applied in the field of study. Technology is the practical application of scientific knowledge. It helps people in their day to day chores. It is also known as applied science. 36 36
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37. Assessment What describes the behavior of things in nature?
Newton's First Law of Motion
Assessment
What describes the behavior of things in nature?
Scientific theory
Science
Scientific law
Technology
Answer: C
Answer: C
Reason: A scientific law is a rule that describes a pattern in nature 37 37
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38. Assessment What does Life science deal with?
Study of earth and the systems in space.
Study of matter and energy.
Study of living systems and their interaction with other systems.
A, B and C
Answer: C
Answer: C
Reason: Life Science is the study of living systems and their interaction with other systems 38 38

39. Assessment The study of matter and energy is known as ___________
Life Science
Physical Science
Earth Science
None of the above
Answer: B
Answer: B
Reason: The study of matter and energy is known as Physical science. 39 39

40. Assessment Geology and meteorology are a part of ___________
Earth Science
Physical Science
Life Science
None of the above
Answer: A
Answer: A
Reason: Geology and meteorology are a part of Earth Science. 40 40

41. Thank You! 41
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