1. Modern Genetics Human Inheritance Human Genetic Disorders Advances in Genetics Table of Contents

2. Modern Genetics - Human Inheritance Inheritance of Blood Type Blood type is determined by a single gene with three alleles. This chart shows which combinations of alleles result in each blood type.

3. Modern Genetics - Human Inheritance The Sex Chromosomes The sex chromosomes carry genes that determine whether a person is male or female. They also carry genes that determine other traits.

4. Modern Genetics - Human Inheritance Colorblindness Punnett Square Red-green colorblindness is a sex-linked trait. A girl who receives only one recessive allele (written X c ) for red-green colorblindness will not have the trait. However, a boy who receives one recessive allele will be colorblind.

5. Modern Genetics Main Idea Detail Identifying Main Ideas As you read the section “Patterns of Human Inheritance,” write the main idea in a graphic organizer. Then write three supporting details that further explain the main idea. Human traits are controlled by single genes with two alleles, single genes with multiple alleles, and multiple genes. Human traits controlled by single genes with two alleles have two distinctly different phenotypes. Though a single gene can have multiple alleles, a person can carry only two of these alleles. Multiple genes that control a trait act together to produce a single trait with a large number of phenotypes. - Human Inheritance

6. Modern Genetics Links on Genetics Click the SciLinks button for links on genetics. - Human Inheritance

7. Modern Genetics End of Section: Human Inheritance

8. Modern Genetics - Human Genetic Disorders A Pedigree A pedigree is a chart or “family tree” that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait.

9. Modern Genetics - Human Genetic Disorders A Hemophilia Pedigree The pedigree shows the inheritance of hemophilia, a sex- linked disorder in a family.

10. Modern Genetics Pedigree Activity Click the Active Art button to open a browser window and access Active Art about pedigrees. - Human Genetic Disorders

11. Modern Genetics Comparing and Contrasting As you read, compare and contrast the types of genetic disorders by completing a table like the one below. Cystic fibrosisBody produces abnormally thick mucus. Recessive allele due to removal of three DNA bases DisorderDescriptionCause Sickle-cell disease Red blood cells are sickle-shaped and have reduced ability to hold oxygen. Codominant allele HemophiliaBlood clots slowly or not at all. Recessive allele on X chromosome Down SyndromeMental retardation and heart defects An extra copy of chromosome 21 - Human Genetic Disorders

12. Modern Genetics Sickle-Cell Disease Click the Video button to watch a movie about sickle-cell disease. - Human Genetic Disorders

13. Modern Genetics End of Section: Human Genetic Disorders

14. Modern Genetics Changing Rice Production The graph shows how worldwide rice production changed between 1965 and 2000. New, hybrid varieties of rice plants are one factor that has affected the amount of rice produced. - Advances in Genetics

15. Modern Genetics Changing Rice Production Rice production increased. Reading Graphs: According to the graph, how did rice production change between 1965 and 2000? - Advances in Genetics

16. Modern Genetics Changing Rice Production 2 in 1965; 4 in 2000 Reading Graphs: How many metric tons of rice per hectare were produced in 1965? How many were produced in 2000? - Advances in Genetics

17. Modern Genetics Changing Rice Production 2 metric tons/hectare Calculating: Calculate the approximate difference between rice production in 1965 and 2000. - Advances in Genetics

18. Modern Genetics Changing Rice Production Possible answer: fertilizers and improved harvesting methods Developing Hypotheses: What factors besides new varieties of plants might help account for the difference in rice production between 1965 and 2000? - Advances in Genetics

19. Modern Genetics - Advances in Genetics Genetic Engineering Scientists use genetic engineering to create bacterial cells that produce important human proteins such as insulin.

20. Modern Genetics Asking Questions Before you read, preview the red headings. In a graphic organizer like the one below, ask a question for each heading. As you read, write answers to your questions. QuestionsAnswers What is selective breeding?Selective breeding is the process of selecting organisms with desired traits to be parents of the next generation. Why are organisms cloned?To produce offspring with desired traits What is genetic engineering?A process in which genes from one organism are transferred into the DNA of another organism What advance has helped us learn about human genetics? The Human Genome Project - Advances in Genetics

21. Modern Genetics Links on Genetic Engineering Click the SciLinks button for links on genetic engineering. - Advances in Genetics

22. Modern Genetics Selective Breeding Click the Video button to watch a movie about selective breeding. - Advances in Genetics

23. Modern Genetics End of Section: Advances in Genetics

24. Modern Genetics Human traits controlled by such as Graphic Organizer Multiple alleles Single genes Sex-linked genes Widow's peakHeight Many genes Blood typeColorblindness

25. Modern Genetics End of Section: Graphic Organizer