1. Tourism Planning
Lecture 3

2. What is tourism planning?
In recent decades many places have turned to travel and tourism as a way to improve their economic and social conditions.
(examples: developing countries encouraging tourism)
Tourism in not an automatic cure for social and economic conditions, and it can sometimes lead to other problems itself.

3. What is tourism planning?
There must be careful planning and consideration of the costs and benefits of the tourism activity/facility.
A tourism plan provides an overall vision social and economic goals for the area that wants to grow its tourism, and it provides a roadmap for the years ahead.

4. Planning Murphy (1985) suggests:
Planning is concerned with anticipating and regulating change in a system to promote orderly development so as to increase the social, economic and environmental benefits of the development process. To do this, planning becomes ‘an ordered sequence of operations, designed to lead to the achievement of either a single goal or to a balance between several goals’ (p.156).

5. Tourism planning
Spanoudis (1982) proposes that: Tourism planning must always proceed within the framework of an overall plan for the development of an area’s total resources; and local conditions and demands must be satisfied before any other considerations are met (p.314).

6. The components of the tourism planning process

7. What is tourism planning?
Bad Planning
Good Planning
Lead to overcrowding of local facilities
 Hurts the natural environment
 Commodification of local culture and loss of cultural identity
·Inflate local land values
Increase prices of goods and services for local residents
Increase employment
 Raises incomes and improves the quality of life
Development of infrastructures
Stimulate local business
Increase government revenues
Preserve cultural and natural resources
Promote environmental protection

8. Who is involved in tourism planning?
Developing the tourist potential for an area is typically a joint effort between:
PUBLIC SECTOR – (various levels of Government)
PRIVATE SECTOR – (For-Profit Businesses and Individuals)

9. What does the public sector do?
The Role of the Public Sector is to make the area desirable for the private sector to invest. This includes:
Constructing Workable Infrastructures
(Transportation, water, sewage, parks)
Providing Services
        (Education, health care, recreational)
Promoting and Marketing the Region
Providing Incentives
- Financial (low interest loans)
- Reduction in Costs (reduced tax on building materials, lower land costs, risk-free marketing, )

10. What does the private sector do?
They base their tourism planning decisions on what the tourists ‘want’ and ‘will buy’
They could be a large-scale private business (like a hotel chain) that is looking for new areas to expand into, or it can be a small-scale private business (bed & breakfast)

11. Ideally a tourism plan accomplishes the following:
What are the steps
Ideally a tourism plan accomplishes the following:
What is the goal for increasing tourism , what is the business situation – past, present and future, what is the market like
Prepare a Preliminary Plan
Approval of plan by stakeholders
Developing a final plan
Completing the project

12. Means of achieving tourism planning
Tourism planning reveals that it operates at three levels:
The site
The destination
The region.
Tourism planning provide a set of guidelines for the actions of :
The government
Private sector organizations, corporations, businesses
Interest groups
Host communities

13. In a commitment to the achievement of a satisfactory tourism planning policy it is common for sets of objectives to focus on the following issues:
Economic
- To optimize the contribution of tourism and recreation to economic prosperity, full employment, regional economic development, and improved international balance of payments.
Socia-Cultural
- To contribute to the personal growth and education of the population and encourage their appreciation of the local geography, history, and ethnic diversity.
- To avoid encouraging activities that have the potential to undermine or denigrate the social and cultural values and resources of the area and its traditions and lifestyles.
Market Development
- To encourage the free entry of foreign visitors, while balancing this goal with the need to monitor persons and goods entering the country with laws protecting public health.

14. Cont’d Resource Protection and Conservation
- To protect and preserve the historical and cultural foundations as a living part of community life and development and to ensure future generations an opportunity to enjoy the rich heritage of the area.
- To ensure the compatibility of tourism, recreational, and activity policies with other broader interests in energy development and conservation, environmental protection, and judicious use of natural resources.
Human Resource Development
- To ensure that tourism has an adequate supply of professionally-trained skilled and managerial staff to meet its future needs.
- To ensure that the education and training programmes and materials are available to meet the needs of tourism.
Government Operations
- To coordinate government activities related to tourism
- To take a leadership role
- To support the needs of tourists, residents and tourism businesses with appropriate legislation and administration.

15. Thank You