1. SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION Kay Vyhnanek WSU Libraries Learning Break December 14, 2006 Issues and Actions and Alphabet Soup

2. Agenda for today ◈ Definition of Scholarly Communication ◈ The Library’s Role ◈ Issues for Libraries ◈ What’s happening in response to the issues ◈ Who else is working on these issues ◈ What needs to happen now

3. Definition Scholarly communication is the system through which research and other scholarly writings are created, evaluated for quality, disseminated to the scholarly community, and preserved for future use. One of the fundamental characteristics of scholarly research is that it is created to facilitate inquiry and knowledge. The majority of scholars develop and disseminate their research with little or no expectation of direct financial reward. From: ACRL Toolkit for Librarians http://www.ala.org/ala/acrl/acrlissues/scholarlycomm/scholarlycommunicationto olkit/librarians/librarians.htm

4. The Library’s Role Scholarly communication is the system through which research and other scholarly writings are created, evaluated for quality, disseminated to the scholarly community, and preserved for future use. One of the fundamental characteristics of scholarly research is that it is created to facilitate inquiry and knowledge. The majority of scholars develop and disseminate their research with little or no expectation of direct financial reward. From: ACRL Toolkit for Librarians http://www.ala.org/ala/acrl/acrlissues/scholarlycomm/scholarlycommunicationto olkit/librarians/librarians.htm

5. Issues for Librarians ◈ Journal prices ◆ Decades of double-digit inflation ◆ Continuous cancellation of titles ◈ Licenses not subscriptions ◆ Remember the introduction of shrink-wrap licenses? ◆ The advent of ejournals with contracts not subscriptions ◆ The “Big Deal” – but for whom? ◈ Mergers and buyouts of commercial publishers ◆ Elsevier and so many others (2000+ titles) ◆ Now Wiley’s purchase of Blackwell (1200+ titles, many smaller association journals)

6. More Issues... ◈ Fair Use under fire ◆ DMCA ◆ Bono Copyright Term Extension Act ◈ Author publishing contract constraints ◆ Publish or perish pressures ◆ All copyright signed over to publisher ◆ Limited use of own works ◈ Alternative venues for “publishing” ◆ Self-publishing on the Web ◆ The advent of Open Access journals

7. And more... ◈ Preservation of the scholarly record ◆ When the license ends access to content is gone ◆ Purchasing backfiles in order to not lose access ◆ Some publishers opening backfiles on the Web

8. What’s Happening in Response... ◈ SPARC: Scholarly Publishing and Academic Resources Coalition ◆ June 1998 + ◆ Program of the Association of Research Libraries ◆ WSU Library is a member ◈ ACRL Scholarly Communication Committee ◆ ALA’s official committee on the subject ◈ The Open Access (OA) Movement (the noun) ◆ Support from libraries and much of the scientific research community ◆ Many non-librarian proponents ◆ Peter Suber ◆ Steven Harnad

9. Additional actions... ◈ Open Access (the adjective) ◆ The development of “green” and “gold” journals ◆ Author self-archiving in subject or institutional repositories ◈ Institutional Repositories ◆ Response to the need for preservation of the scholarly record ◆ PubMed Central, Public Library of Science (PLoS), National Institutes of Health and many others ◆ WSU Research Exchange being built to store and preserve WSU’s scholarly output

10. And more... ◈ Assertion of Author Rights ◆ Creative Commons copyright ◆ SPARC’s Author Addendum ◈ Legislative actions ◆ CURES Act introduced 2005 ◆ Federal Research Public Access Act (FRPAA) introduced 2006

11. We are not alone... International Activities: December 2001: Budapest Open Access Initiative April 2003: Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing (Bethesda Principles) October 2003: Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities Great Britain and other European countries are at the forefront of scholarly communication and open access issues

12. What We Need to Do... ◈ Promote changes in scholarly communications at WSU ◆ Ask to attend meetings of your liaison faculty to talk about issues in scholarly communication (I’d be happy to help in the process!) ◆ Talk to individuals in your liaison departments about these issues ◈ Promote the assertion of author rights by WSU researchers ◆ Distribute copies of SPARC brochure to your faculty ◆ Talk about copyright as a bundle of rights that can be divided up, assigning only those necessary to publish an article. ◆ Offer to ◈ Promote participation in the WSU Research Exchange ◆ Add our own publications and presentations ◆ It’s easy and I’d be happy to show you how! ◆ Talk to faculty about the value of archiving their works in the Research Exchange

13. And now for the alphabet soup BOAI JISC OA FRPAA CURES NIH LOCKSS CLOCKSS DLFDLF DOAJDOAJ DOARDOAR METS MODS ROMEO SHERPA JULIET SPARC OAI-PMH OAIster CURL OpenDOAR...

14. Thanks for listening Any Questions?