1. Aim: What were the gifts of Medieval Europe to the World? Do Now: What development, or change, has had the greatest impact on the spread of ideas, and knowledge? Homework: Read pp. 398-399, and 401-403 in World History. Answer questions 3, 5 & 8. University of Paris (Sorbonne) University of Bologna University of Oxford

2. Monasteries – To adapt to rural conditions, the Church built religious communities called monasteries. Christian men called monks gave up their private possessions and devoted their lives to serving God. Monasteries became Europe’s best-educated communities. Monks opened schools, maintained libraries, and copied books. There manuscripts preserved part of Rome’s intellectual heritage. Monasteries kept learning alive.

5. Universitas - "the whole, total; the universe, the world" Courses were offered according to books, not by subject or theme. For example a course might be on a book by Aristotle, or a book from the Bible. Courses were not elective: the course offerings were set, and everyone had to take the same courses. Students often entered the University at fourteen to fifteen years of age “University” originally referred to a group of scholars meeting wherever they could. People, not buildings, made up the medieval university.

6. Vernacular – Serious scholars and writers were writing in Latin, but a few remarkable poets began writing in the everyday language of their homeland

7. Gothic – Notre Dame Paris, France Romanesque - Lessay Abbey, Normandy, France

9. Cloaca Maxima (Great Sewer) 600 BCMedieval Method Q. If the Romans created a sewer system in 600 BC, why were Europeans dumping waste in the streets in 1348 AD?