1. Open Expansion: The Intersection of Open Access, Open Data and OER Heather Joseph Executive Director, SPARC ACRL 2015 Annual Conference Portland, OR March 27, 2015

2. A tale of three “open” movements.

4. Change is afoot.

5. Source: http://www.openmatters.com/2014/01/new-world-of-digital/

6. The Internet.

7. New Channels to Share Work.

8. New environment for research, teaching and learning.

9. Digital environment means change.

10. And LOTS of it.

12. Access to more, opportunities to do more.

13. Theoretically.

14. Opportunities to leverage lower cost distribution mechanisms.

15. Theoretically.

16. Despite the promise of the Internet, the materials we most need the freedom to work with remain largely under restrictive access, pricing and reuse policies.

17. We have 20 th century policies governing 21 st century information.

19. “Open” can provide a solution to a problem, as well as be used as a lever to create new opportunities.

20. Ok. A solution to what kind of problems?

21. Let’s consider costs.

22. Costs for 1-yr Journal Subscriptions www.righttoresearch.org Source: http://web.archive.org/web/20050828210650/libraries.mit.edu/about/scholarly/expensive-titles.html

23. Average Textbook Prices Source: http://www.studentpirgs.org/sites/student/files/reports/A-Cover-to-Cover-Solution_4pdf

24. $1,207. Average budget for student books and supplies for the 2013-2014 academic year. Source http/:trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/average-estimaed- undergraduate-budgets-2013-2014

25. Library budgets & journal prices

26. Textbook prices and the CPI Source: www.goa.gov/products/GAO-13-368

27. “The annual revenues generated by STM journal publishing were estimated at US $9.4 billion in 2011…” Source: The STM Report,http://www.stm-assoc.org/2012_12_11_STM_Report_2012.pdf

28. “During same time period, annual revenues for textbook publishers were estimated at US $8.8 billion …” Source: http://www.slideshare.net/txtbks/keynote-nercomp?related=1

29. And we know where that money comes from…

30. Libraries. Students & their families.

31. How can “open” address problem of cost?

32. Current Market: Intermediaries blunt price sensitivity.

34. Now look at that slide again, just substitute “Libraries” and “Researchers” for students and professors…

36. Déjà vu…

37. Creating new models based on “open” removes intermediaries, and ties payments directly to service/good being purchased.

38. What about opportunities?

39. Let’s consider value.

40. OA, Open Data and OER movements all emphasize the need to enable unobstructed digital reuse of these materials, to fully exploit the power - and the value - of the information they contain.

41. Open Access = Immediate Access + Full Reuse

42. Text Mining Downloading Bulk Downloading Data Mining Semantic Searching Computational Analysis Machine Reading

45. Because these materials are digital, at their core, they are data… and:

46. "Data is a valuable national asset that should be available to the public.” President Obama, May 13, 2013 Executive Order

51. We have a unique opportunity to explore innovative ways to access and use this vast new wealth of digital info and create new value.

52. Good for teaching, research and learning, yes, but also…

53. …good for making.

58. Similar goals, values, strategies and tactics emerging across all three “open” movements aligning around efforts to:

59. 1. Create infrastructure.

60. 2. Create Legal Framework.

61. 3. Create Sustainable Business Models.

62. 4. Create Policy Framework

63. 5. Create Collaborations

64. Not all perfect harmony.

65. 1. Conflicting business models

66. 2. Privacy/Security

67. 3. Value

68. Challenges are big, but the Opportunities are bigger.

69. We can use “open” to help us think bigger.

70. How can “open” help us solve big problems?

71. Understanding the implications that a larger vision of “open” as the default mode for research, teaching and learning materials can have is crucial.

73. Thank You for Listening. Heather Joseph Executive Director, SPARC heather@arl.org @hjoseph, @SPARC_NA