1. WHERE DID SERVICES ORIGINATE? Chapter 12.1

2. Three Types of Services Consumer services (44% of all jobs in USA) Retail and Wholesale (15%) Education (10%) Health (12%) Leisure and Hospitality (10%) Business services (24% of all jobs in USA) Financial (6%) FIRE: Finance, Insurance, Real Estate Professional (12%) ½ are in technical services: Law, management, accounting, architecture, engineering, design, consulting ½ are in support services: clerical, secretarial, custodial Public services (17%) Provide protection and security for citizens and businesses

3. Early Rural Settlements: Consumer Services Early permanent settlements established to offer consumer services Places to bury the dead Permanent resting place for the dead  permanent priests to perform the service  encourage building of structures Settlement and gender roles Household based services evolved into schools, libraries, theaters, museums Settlements= manufacturing centers: tools, clothing, shelter, containers, fuel Trading occurred once people became skilled in an area

4. Early Rural Settlements: Public Services Followed religious activities Soldiers stationed in the settlement to attack invaders Centers for military powers

5. Early Rural Settlements: Business Services Trade because not every group had access to the same resources. Settlements= trade centers and warehouses to store extra food Types of service jobs: regulating the terms of transaction, setting fair prices, keeping records, creating a currency system.

6. Services in Early Urban Settlements: Ancient Cities Earliest: Ur in Mesopotamia (present day Iraq) Titris Hoyuk (present day Turkey) Urban settlements- houses built around a central courtyard; palaces, temples and other buildings in the center; multiple cooking areas suggested extended families lived together. Ancient Athens City-states: independent self-governing communities that included the settlement and surrounding countryside. Ancient Rome Settlements were centers of administration, military, retail services, trade

7. Services in Early Urban Settlements: Services in Medieval Cities Feudalism revived urban settlements in Europe in the 11 th century Lords gave residents rights to establish cities in exchange for military service Urban dwellers expanded trade in the cities Trade between different settlements enhanced roads and rivers Densely built Worlds largest cities were in Asia, not Europe from the fall of the Roman Empire to the Industrial Revolution