1. Protection notice / Copyright notice Technical Sales, COM FN A SB / May 2006 SURPASS hiD 6600 Enhanced QoS Solution

2. Page 2 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES Agenda  Introduction  SLA service attributes  SURPASS Carrier Ethernet QoS solution  Upstream mechanism  Downstream mechanism  SURPASS hiD traffic management capabilities  Summary

3. Page 3 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES Introduction Quality of Service (QoS) implies the ability to differentiate between traffic streams and to define a level of performance for those traffic streams across network. When does QoS become a challenge?  When moving from a "network per-service" model to a “converged network” model with multiple services over a single network.  When moving to real-time or mission-critical services such as video streams or IP-telephony.

4. Page 4 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES hiD 6650 hiD 6670 hiX 5635 hiD 6630 IPTV Voice High Speed Internet Business VPN services Business internet services VoD Mobile Games / E-Learning OAM (Operation, Administration Maintenance) One network For > 9 services per customer The Carrier Network is the basis of all new services Real time applications

5. Page 5 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES How can all services live on the same network? Powerful QoS mechanism with: Service providers use QoS to gain more money from the network and need QoS to offer, monitor and enforce Service Level Agreements (SLA). -Service differentiation -Priority up to the individual service level -Classification and traffic conditioning -Scheduling algorithms -Congestion avoidance -Rate limiting & shaping

6. Page 6 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES SLA Service Attributes Bandwidth Profile  Performance guarantee CIR/EIR/CBS/EBS Service Performance  Frame Delay  Frame Jitter  Frame Loss SLA = Voice  Low delay and jitter  Low packet loss  Sub-second protection Business services  Guaranteed bandwidth  Low packet loss  50ms protection Video  Low delay and jitter  Low packet loss  High bandwidth per subscriber  Sub-second protection HS Internet  Guaranteed bandwidth  Best Effort for excess bandwidth *CBS/EBS – Committed/Excess Burst Size *CIR/EIR – Committed/Excess Information Rate

7. Page 7 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES SURPASS Carrier Ethernet QoS Solution Upstream mechanisms –Traffic from the customer towards the network:  Classification, marking, shaping and policing  Egress hierarchical shaping (for SP)  Connection Admission Control (CAC)  Congestion avoidance  Priority queuing  Scheduling Downstream mechanisms - Traffic from the network towards the customer :  Hierarchical shaping  Rate limiting  Traffic shaping  Priority queuing: per port, user, individual service Carrier Network Upstream Downstream

8. Page 8 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES Upstream Ingress Bandwidth Profiles UNI EVC 1 EVC 2 EVC 3 Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per Ingress UNI UNI EVC 1 EVC 2 EVC 3 Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per EVC 1 Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per EVC 2 Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per EVC 3 UNI EVC 1 CE-VLAN CoS 6 Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID 6 CE-VLAN CoS 4 CE-VLAN CoS 2 Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID 4 Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID 2 EVC 2 Ingress Bandwidth Profiles:  Per Ingress UNI  Per EVC (Ethernet Virtual Circuit)  Per CoS (Class of service) ID

9. Page 9 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES Upstream Bandwidth Profile SLA – Color aware CIR Conformant Traffic ≤ CIR EIR Conformant Traffic ≥ CIR No traffic Traffic ≥ PIR  CIR (Committed Information Rate) - Minimum BW guaranteed for an Ethernet service.  Policing is enforcement of CIR  Zero CIR means Best effort (no BW is guaranteed)  Traffic above the CIR is marked or colored  EIR (Exceeded Information Rate) -  Service frames colored yellow may be delivered but with no performance commitment.  PIR (Peak Information Rate) - Maximum rate at which packets are allowed to be forwarded.  PIR = CIR + EIR (greater or equal to the CIR)  Service frames exceeding PIR are red packets and are unconditionally dropped

10. Page 10 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES  Classifier identifies groups of packets to receive a specific service and carries information about traffic class  Traffic conditioning defines the service eligibility and marks the drop precedence Upstream Classification and Traffic conditioning Both classifying and marking are performed at the Ingress port. traffic class A User flow classification  ingress port  L2 802.1q VLAN tag  L2 Src/Dst MAC or Ether type  L2 802.1p bits  L3 TOS/DSCP bits  L3 IP Source/Dst address/subnet Traffic Conditioning Mechanism  Meter  Marker  Dropper User traffic traffic class B traffic class C High Drop Precedence Low Drop Precedence Dropping Marker & Filter Classifier

11. Page 11 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES HSI 4Mb Upstream Ingress Policer  Policing purposes  SLA enforcement; Policer restricts some traffic to ensure subscribers don't send traffic beyond their subscribed rate  Protect the carrier Network  Policing per classified flow (e.g. Port, Port+VLAN, Port+VLAN+TC etc.) ISPs Package: HSI – 5Mb VPN – 4 Mb IPTV – 8 Mb Voice – 128Kb Ingress VPN - 4Mb Egress VPN - 4Mb HSI – 8Mb HSI – 5Mb VPN 4Mb HSI 8 Mb

12. Page 12 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES Upstream Policing - Dual Token bucket  Dual rate token bucket with a programmable CIR and PIR, as well as CBS and MBS.  The meter may also be color-aware, to take the previous marking of the packet into the metering process. Incoming Frames Confirmed rate tokens entering @ CIR per second Violating Frames Dropped Bucket size according to MBS Bucket size according to CBS Peak Rate Bucket Committed Rate Bucket Exceeding Frames Conforming Frames Outgoing Frames at a regular rate with controlled burst Confirmed rate tokens entering @ PIR per second

13. Page 13 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES 1G Switch fabric HSI IPTV VOD Voice 1G Upstream Ingress scheduling & Queuing Scheduling: Choosing which queue to serve in each packet transmission.  One scheduler per egress port  Eight queues per scheduler managed by the fabric adaptor  The scheduler send credits to the queues assigned to it by using two scheduling algorithms

14. Page 14 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES Upstream Scheduling - Algorithms Strict Priority Queuing  Queues are processed in descending order (highest to lowest).  Queues assigned as high priority are serviced until they empty.  Low priority queues potentially can be starved, in order to avoid it, high priority traffic should be kept small. Weighted Fair Queuing  WFQ applies a "weight" to a queue that indicates the importance of the queue in relation to the available resources.  The weight is used to ensure that more important queues get serviced more often than other less important queues.

15. Page 15 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES WRED - Congestion Avoidance WRED (Weighted Random Early Detection) -  Extension to RED that allows discrimination between different traffic classes.  Drop packets randomly whenever a buffer becomes mildly congested  Drop low priority frames first, according to drop precedence  Gives precedence to new packets. Congestion avoidance mechanism to ensure higher-priority traffic gets through, in case of the buffer becoming full. low priority frames threshold Queue per egress, per CoS Incoming frames Drop low priority frames first DASAFCS high priority frames threshold

16. Page 16 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES SURPASS hiD 6600 QoS Packages – Diffserv Mode  Multi-field classification  Policing and shaping according to the customers CIR/EIR/ CBR/EBS  Discarded according to WRED mechanism.  Drop precedence is supported (Low + High DP). *10% *Default configuration *30% *24% *18% *2% *12% *4% *EF/AF = Expedited/Assured Forwarding

17. Page 17 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES SURPASS hiD 6600 QoS Packages – Enhanced Mode  “Diffserv” mode functionality  Special mode for E-Line services with guaranteed BW end to end  Connection Admission Control (CAC) *8% *Default configuration *10% *14% *24% *20% *2% *8% *4% *GBW = Guaranteed Bandwidth

18. Page 18 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES  Multicast: Port Duplication  VLAN Manipulation  Rate Limiting Upstream Process Summary Ingress port Understanding each element part in the QoS flow Fabric Module Controller Egress port Fabric Adaptor Packet Processors  VLAN manipulation  Classification  Policing  L2 Process  Multicast: Card Duplication  Queuing  WRED  Queue Scheduling Packet Processors  Packet switching Priority queuing per Port/VLAN/Service to the Service provider Hierarchical shaping SADAFCSVLAN Packet Processors Hierarchical shaping Fabric Adaptor Packet Processors Fabric Adaptor Packet Processors Fabric Adaptor Hierarchical shaping

19. Page 19 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES Downstream mechanism Ingress port Understanding each element part in the QoS flow Fabric Module Controller Egress port Fabric Adaptor Packet Processors Per port, VLAN, Service:  Rate limiting  Shaping  Queuing  Scheduling  WRED  Queue Scheduling Packet Processors  Packet switching Packet Processors Fabric Adaptor Packet Processors Fabric Adaptor Packet Processors Fabric Adaptor Hierarchical shaping Egress port Ingress port SADAFCSVLAN

20. Page 20 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES QoS per subscriber from the first aggregation level -Multiple vendors and technologies at the access – different capabilities of QoS -No ability to differentiate between services of the same service provider. -Reduce the costs of the VDSL / ADSL2+ equipment – “Simple DSLAM” -Maintain knowledge of different access vendor’s equipment. -Use the existing access device and provide enhanced QoS per individual service. SIEMENS Solution with SURPASS hiD 6600: -Additional daughter card for the relevant LICs. -Manage QoS from the SURPASS hiD 6600 per: - Port, Customer EVC, Customer service. - Port, Service provider VLAN / Service Why do we need it ?

21. Page 21 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES Downstream Bandwidth Profiles UNI EVC 1 EVC 2 EVC 3 UNI EVC 1 EVC 2 CE-VLAN CoS 6 CE-VLAN CoS 4 CE-VLAN CoS 2 Egress Bandwidth Profile Per Egress UNI Per Port  Done in the 1st aggregation toward the DSLAM.  Performing user level scheduling.  Providing a different queue for each service per user. Per EVC  Egress bandwidth profile per EVC.  Different profile for each EVC.  Elastic data can use the unused capacity for other services. Per service  Egress bandwidth profile per CoS.  Mapping each service to the suitable CoS bits.  Hard QoS for the EVC services.

22. Page 22 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES Hierarchical Shaping – Example 100 Mbps – Finance Department 100 Mbps – Sales Department 300 Mbps – R&D Department 35 Mbps VPN 20 Mbps Video Conference 45 Mbps Internet Port VLAN 1 VLAN 2 VLAN 3 Port VLAN 1 VLAN 2 Service 1 Service 2 Service 3 500 Mbps per Business Customer AND

23. Page 23 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES Enhanced QoS per subscriber from the first aggregation layer hiD 6600 Voice IPTV Data Video hiD 6600 Access agnostic QoS policy per subscriber VLAN 100 IP/MPLS ISPs ASPs VoIP Skymax hiD 6605 Video Servers TC 6TC 5TC 7TC 0

24. Page 24 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES Hierarchical Scheduling – Example  Up to 16 traffic class per subscriber.  Discarded according to WRED mechanism.  Rate limiting according to single leaky bucket mechanism.  Hierarchical scheduling functionality can be use in PNI ports also. WFQ OAM & Management Data - Elastic Voip control Data Premium VoD Individual Service VoIP Bearer TV Multicast *TV Unicast Residential customer *Used for Microsoft TV application PNI = Provider network interface

25. Page 25 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES Practical Example For Business Customer - Downstream hiD 6600 Voice Data / VPN Video Conf. hiD 6600 Recognize the service according to DSCP/TOS/IP and prioritize it. VLAN 200 Business Package: 30Mbps PIR 15Mbps CIR 15Mbps EIR 0 Mb 10 Mb 20 Mb 30 Mb CIR EIR PIR

26. Page 26 May 2006 Copyright © Siemens AG 2006. All rights reserved SIEMENS COM FN A SB – SALES Summary  Introduction  SLA service attributes  SURPASS Carrier Ethernet QoS solution  Upstream mechanism  Downstream mechanism  SURPASS hiD traffic management capabilities  Summary

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