3. On the map of the Caribbean below:  Place the letter “T” against ONE territory in which the Tainos lived when Christopher Columbus arrived in 1492.  Place the letter “K” against ONE territory in which the Kalinagos lived when Christopher Columbus arrived in 1492.  Place the letter “I” against TWO territories in which large nos of indigenous people live today.

4.  Greater Antilles – Tainos  Lesser Antilles – Kalinagos  Indigenous Groups – Dominica, Guyana, Belize

5.  State TWO ways in which indigenous people have shaped our understanding of Caribbean identity.

6.  Provided sense of history and belonging to the islands and territories known as the Caribbean that goes beyond European settlement.  Provided craft, basketry, the hammock using materials found in the Caribbean.

7.  State TWO ways in which drought affects food production in the Caribbean.

8.  Through the drowning of livestock  The extreme damage to new crops and stunting the growth of old ones  The abandonment of land for farming

9.  With the aid of examples, state how drought may affect areas of life, other than food production in the Caribbean.

10.  High unemployment  Migration  Development of bush fires which endanger life, flora and fauna and destroy hillside vegetation.

11.  Identify Two religious practices in the Caribbean that have been influenced by Indo – Caribbean tradition.

12.  Divali  Eid – ul- Fitr

13.  Identify Two religious practices in the Caribbean that have been influenced by African – Caribbean traditions.

14.  Having a ‘thanksgiving’  The use of drums in church services

15.  Explain ONE way in which either Indo - Caribbean or African –Caribbean religions have impacted on Caribbean culture.

16.  Indo – Caribbean - contributed significantly to our food and culinary traditions – many people now enjoy doubles and roti as part of a Caribbean delicacy.

17.  Explain what is meant by the term ‘colonial education’

18.  A form of instruction which enabled students to absorb the learning, heritage, geography and literature of European imperial states.

19.  Name TWO institutions that facilitated colonial education in the Caribbean.

20.  Schools  Churches  plantations

21.  State TWO ways in which the Caribbean Examinations Council (CXC) has contributed to changes in education in the Caribbean.

22.  Helped to thrust the education system into a more technologically advanced stage.  Expansion of the syllabus to include subject material that is much more relevant to the Caribbean region.

23.  Name TWO festivals held on North America or Europe that have been influenced by Caribbean culture.

24.  Caribana in Canada  Nottinghill Carnical  Labour Day Carnival

25.  Outline TWO ways in which the festivals named above help North Americans OR Europeans to understand Caribbean culture.

26.  North Americans gain exposure to the festival, thus helping in their understanding of it.  Their participation in these events allows them to further appreciate/value these cultural traditions.

27.  Outline TWO ways in which the festivals named above have had an impact on the economies of countries in North America OR Europe.

28.  Have established a distinct Caribbean consumer community  Have encouraged Caribbean or other citizens to develop businesses which cater to Caribbean tastes and senses.

29.  Explain what is meant by the term ‘economic development’.

30.  Economic development refers to the improvement in services, infrastructure, jobs and the creation of money in the economy.

31.  State ONE indicator of economic development

32.  High standard of living  Increased GDP and GNP  Increased per capita income

33.  Explain how the indicator described above influences sustainable development.

34.  Increase in the income of a country allows for money to be filtered down into the environment which is a key stakeholder on the road towards sustainable development.

35.  Explain what is meant by the term ‘ideology’

36.  Ideas or beliefs that people have regarding how society should be organized.

37.  Name TWO political ideologies that have influenced Caribbean thought

38.  Capitalism  Marxism or Socialism

39.  Explain ONE way in which the political ideologies named above have hindered OR promoted development in the Caribbean.

40. HINDERED:  Was too Eurocentric and was seen to be perpetuating a colonial mentality.  Excluded women as an integral group  Led to coups, revolutions and ethnic clashes  Failed to address issues of difference, that is, race, colour, shade.

41. PROMOTED:  Provided informed leaders with definite goals  Provided guidelines for social and economic development.  Sensitized the youth about political issues.

42.  Identify TWO regional institutions that were created before the 1958 West Indies Federation.

43.  UWI – 1948  WICB – early 1920’s

44.  State TWO reasons for the formation of the 1958 West Indies Federation.

45.  To create unity in and amongst the islands  To give the Caribbean region a voice against Europe

46.  Name ONE institution that survived after the collapse of the 1958 West Indies Federation and give ONE reason for its survival.

47.  University of the West Indies – direct funding from the government.

48.  Identify Two sports in which Caribbean people have gained international recognition.

49.  Cricket  Track and field  football

50.  With the aid of examples, explain how sports tourism has contributed to Caribbean development.

51.  Generation of income  Brings in revenue to the region.  Promotes recognition of the Caribbean region.

52.  Explain what is meant by the term ‘negritude’.

53.  Négritude is a literary and ideological movement, developed by francophone black intellectuals, writers, and politicians in France in the 1930s. This movement, which influenced Africans as well as blacks around the world, specifically rejects the political, social and moral domination of the West.

54.  Name One person associated with the negritude movemenbt.

55.  Aime Cesaire  Frantz Fanon  Leopold Senghor

56.  Outline THREE ways in which Caribbean people benefitted from the negritude movement.

57.  Gained knowledge about the achievements of Africans  Gave them a drive to move towards independence  Were empowered to make changes  Psychologically, they were beginning to see themselves as being valuable.