1. [1] POWER CAPACITOR AND REACTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT

2. [2] INTRODUCTION Capacitor is a relatively unknown device until recently in our power systems. The capacitor found no use when the power systems are simple and very small. Capacitor needed to determine the optimum power factor correction and in our electrical distribution system.

3. [3] Working of Capacitor Capacitor Formula for Determining Capacitance is: C = (.224 KA)/t C = capacitance (Pico farads) K = dielectric constant (Vacuum = 1) A = area in square inches t = separation between the plates in inches (thickness of dielectric).224 = conversion constant (.0884 for metric system in cm)

4. [4] Basic Capacitor Formulas

5. [5] Types of Capacitors Metalised Polypropylene Capacitors These capacitors are mostly suitably for lower voltage i.e 400V and motor load only. Mixed Dielectric Capacitors These are used for HT system. All Polypropylene Capacitors These are used for HT system. But performances are usually better than mixed dielectric variety.

6. [6] Power F actor Ratio of the actual power transmitted to the apparent power transmitted. Power Factor = Apparent power/reactive power Power Triangle

7. [7] Improvement of Power Factor Save money on utility bills Increase internal electrical system capacity Improve voltage drop at point of use

8. [8] Correction of Power Factor Capacitors draw leading reactive power. Replace over-sized motors with efficiency motors of the right horsepower. Avoid operation of equipment above its rated voltage Effect of Power Factor Correction Capacitive Reactance/Inductive Reactance

9. [9] CERAMIC CAPACITORS Manufactured by mixing the ceramic powder in an organic binder (slurry) and casting it by one technique or another into thin layers typically ranging from about 3 mils in thickness down to 1 mil or thinner. Metal electrodes are deposited onto the green ceramic layers which are then stacked to form a laminated structure. On sintering at high temperature the part becomes a monolithic block which can provide extremely high capacitance values in small mechanical volumes. Ceramic capacitors

10. [10] Capacitor change vs. A.C volts Capacitor change vs. D.C volts Capacitor change vs. Temperature Capacitor change vs. Frequency

11. [11] SNUBBER/POWER CAPACITORS (Polypropylene) High current "power capacitors“. High reliability and condensed size. Low inductance and power consumption. High peak/RMS currents and good frequency response. Applications :- IGBT, SMPS, TV Deflections, AC Voltage Applications, Motor Controls Snubber/Power Capacitor

12. [12] COOPER POWER SYSTEMS TYPE EX®-D.  125% continuous RMS over volt age capability. 135% peak over voltage capability greater safety through improved tank rupture characteristics Iow dielectric losses (0.07 watts/kVAR @ 60 Hz) superior electrical performance and reliability n environmentally acceptable EX®-D single-phase, all-film

13. [13] CONCLUSION Capacitor suppliers and engineering firms can provide the assistance may need to determine the optimum power factor correction and to correctly locate and install capacitors in our electrical distribution system. Capacitor enhances increase internal electrical system capacity, save money on utility bills and improve voltage drop at point of use.

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