2. 2, 403 Americans killed 1, 178 American wounded 21 ships sunk/damaged 300 aircraft damaged/destroyed December 7, 1941  Japan attacks the U.S. naval base in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

3. On December 8, 1941 delivers a speech to a joint-session of Congress asking for a declaration of war Audio Clip  http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrpearlharbor.htm http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/fdrpearlharbor.htm

4. - Japan hoped to show Japanese Power and Strike fear into America What they got: “Patriotism” 1.Battle cry “Remember Pearl Harbor” 2.Million Americans join military

5. - 5 million Americans volunteer -Selective Service System (draft)provide 10 million men - Segregated units for minority groups - Noncombat role until April 1943

6. - Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC): created to allow women volunteers to serve in noncombat positions (Established in May, 1942) - Women served as nurses, ambulance drivers, radio operators, electricians, and pilots (noncombat jobs)

7. - Americans go to work for the war effort (war industries) - Factories turn to war production * Automobile plants convert to produce tanks, planes, boats, and military vehicles - Shipyards and defense plants convert to meet wartime needs

8. - Women work in “war industries” * “Rosie the Riveter”= term given to women employed in war industries * earned 60% of male salary You Tube Clip  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9GarCzR_6Ng http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9GarCzR_6Ng

9. - 2 million minority workers * racial discrimination leads to labor leader A. Philip Randolph to convince FDR to allow full equality in war industries

10. - Office of Scientific Research & Development (OSRD) est. in 1941 Goal: bring scientists into war effort Projects: 1. radar & sonar 2. pesticides 3. penicillin 4. atomic bomb - 1939 German scientists split atom - 1941 committee studies making bomb (3-5 years) - 1942 Manhattan Project= program for scientists to create the atomic bomb You Tube Clip  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MhSKqzwwypQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MhSKqzwwypQ

11. Economic Controls: attempt by govt. to control rapid inflation and rising prices for products Office of Price Administration (OPA): froze wages, prices on goods, & rent War Bonds: issued by the Dept of the Treasury to raise money for the war effort & fight inflation War Production Board (WPB): decided which companies to convert to war effort & allocated raw materials for war effort

12. Rationing: system est. by OPA which stated how much military essential goods each individual household can buy Victory Gardens: encouraged by the OPA so that food can go directly to military efforts Examples: meat, shoes, sugar, coffee, and gasoline http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pWlIfH8SR50 You Tube Clip 