1. Unit 2 CLASSICAL EMPIRES

2. Warm-Up: Spiral pg. 5 Classical Empires What is an Empire? To control several territories, countries, or city-states under one ruler Expansion= Empire Write the following question in your spiral: How do the river valley civilizations influence the rise of the classical empires?

3. Empire of PERSIA

4. Persian Government/Politics Absolute Rule with local governments Absolute Rule with local governments Satraps: Royal Road: Satraps: local governors Royal Road: communication system

5. Persian Religion Good vs. Evil Good vs. Evil Ideas of heaven, hell, and final judgment Ideas of heaven, hell, and final judgment Zoroastrianism

6. Persian Technology/Culture Intellectual Centers: Babylon

7. CLASSICAL GREECE

8. Greek Government/Politics Started in Athens All citizens vote Non-citizens: women, slaves, and foreigners WORLD’S FIRST DEMOCRACY!

11. Greek Philosophy/Literature Socrates Socrates – Belief based on question and answer – Socratic Method Plato Plato – The Republic: best govt. is ruled by philosopher-kings Aristotle Aristotle – arguing using logic – Scientific Method Homer: epic poems of heroic deeds Homer: epic poems of heroic deeds Greek drama: tragedies and comedies Greek drama: tragedies and comedies

12. Greek Technology/Culture Astronomy Astronomy – Eratosthenes calculated earth’s circumference Mathematics and Physics Mathematics and Physics – Euclid created geometry – Archimedes pi and screw – Pythagorean Theorem Art Art – Columns/Acropolis

13. The 1 st Olympic Field First Olympics!

14. Greece at its Greatest!

15. CLASSICAL ROME

17. Roman Government/Politics Republic Republic – Elected leaders Twelve Tables Twelve Tables – Written Law – Equal Rights Empire Empire – Augustus Pax Romana “Roman Peace” – Diocletian Divided Rome into East and West

18. Roman Religion Constantine: Constantine: made Christianity the official religion of Rome Why did Christianity spread so easily? – – Accepted everyone – – Belief of spreading the word CHRISTIANITY

19. Roman Technology/Culture Aqueducts ArchDome Colosseum

20. Public Entertainment Gladiator Fights Christian Persecutions Wild Animal Hunts

21. Fall of the Roman Empire Political Weakness Political Weakness – Corrupt leaders Economic Problems Economic Problems – High taxes, inflation, unemployment Military Decline Military Decline – Non-roman soldiers = less loyal Invasions Invasions – Barbarians

22. Mauryan and Gupta India

23. Indian Government/Politics Chandragupta Maurya unified Northern India creating an empire Chandragupta Maurya unified Northern India creating an empire Asoka- Mauryan Empire’s greatest ruler Asoka- Mauryan Empire’s greatest ruler

24. Indian Religion Buddhism Buddhism Hinduism Hinduism

25. Indian Technology/Culture Math Math Zero, decimal system, pi Zero, decimal system, pi Medicine Medicine Medicinal plants, plastic surgery Medicinal plants, plastic surgery Literature Literature poetry poetry Trade Trade Silk Road and Indian Ocean trade Silk Road and Indian Ocean trade

26. Classical China

27. Chinese Government/Politics Dynasties Dynasties – Zhou, Qin, Han Great Wall Great Wall Mandate of Heaven Mandate of Heaven – Heaven chooses and blesses the rulers of China

28. Chinese Religion Confucius Confucius Daoism Daoism

29. Chinese Technology/Culture PaperSilk Road Iron Tools Silk Chinese Exam System

30. Classical Israel

31. Israel Government/Politics Kingdoms Kingdoms – – Saul – – David – – Solomon Ten Commandments Ten Commandments – – Code of Law

32. Israel Religion Judaism Judaism Monotheistic Monotheistic Abraham Abraham – Founder of the Hebrew people Torah Torah – First 5 books of the Hebrew Bible Covenant Covenant – Promise between God and his people Moses Moses – Led Hebrews out of slavery

33. Accomplishments of Israel Solomon’s Temple Capital of Jerusalem

34. Concluding Idea… What are some commonalities of the Classical Empires? They began by expanding and unifying They had beliefs/religions that spread easily The downfall of the empires were caused by – – Problems within the Empires – – Outside invasions