1. World Cultures Final Review

2. China

3. In what direction do most people live in China? East

4. What are major themes of Confucianism? Inner attitude of being humane and loving

5. Who is the founder of Daoism? Lao-zi

6. What historical structure was built in China in the earlier part of civilization? The Great Wall

7. What was the mandate of heaven? Rule granted by heaven Traditional Chinese rulers governed by this

8. What was the mandate of heaven said to explain? The dynastic cycle

9. What is calligraphy? The art of writing with a brush and ink

10. What did one have to do in order to become a government official in traditional China? Pass a series of strenuous exams

11. What was the cause of the 1911 Chinese Civil War? China declared itself a republic with no set form of government

12. What German philosopher was said to inspire Mao Zedong? Karl Marx

13. What was the result of the Opium Wars? China was forced into a series of unequal treaties with European nations

14. What was the status of women in traditional China? Inferior to men

15. Who was the first leader in the Republic of China? Dr. Sun Yat-sen

16. What modern policy has China enacted to help solve the overpopulation problem? One child policy

17. Japan

18. What is the main physical feature in Japan? Mountains

19. What was the main problem that the Japanese had with Shinto? Did not give answers to questions about life and death

20. How was a person’s social class determined during the Tokugawa shogunate? Heredity

21. How did the majority of Japanese feel about Americans in the 1800s?. Americans were a threat to their culture

22. What incident occurred on December 7, 1941? The attack on Pearl Harbor, HI

23. What prompted the Japan to finally surrender during World War II? Bombing of Nagasaki

24. What was the main goal of the Allies after WWII? Ensure Japan would never threaten world peace again

25. What religious beliefs do the majority of Japanese follow today? Combination of Buddhism and Shinto

26. What type of government does Japan have today? Constitutional Monarchy

27. INDIA

28. How do the monsoons affect South Asia? The wet monsoon is essential to survival of the region

29. How is Hinduism different from most world religions? It has no founder

30. What is the major difference between Hinduism and Buddhism? Hinduism accepts the caste system, Buddhism does not

31. How is India culturally diverse? The caste system

32. What is civil disobedience? The refusal to obey unjust laws

33. What is an example of civil disobedience? Boycotts

34. What was the result of the Amritsar massacre? India’s demand for independence from the British

35. What was the result of the partition of India? Mass migrations of Hindus and Muslims between India and Pakistan

36. What types of actions did Gandhi oppose? Violent

37. How did Gandhi win independence for India? Refusing to cooperate with the British government

38. Latin America

39. What are the three main areas of Latin America? South America Central America The Caribbean

40. What two main groups influenced Latin America? Spanish Portuguese

41. What is the largest country in South America? Brazil

42. What mountain range in located in Peru? Andes

43. Define mestizo: Ethnic group formed from Spanish and Portuguese settlers marrying Native Americans

44. In what present-day country did the Mayan civilization prosper? Mexico

45. What civilization moved into the Mayan territory after their decline? Aztecs

46. What is the most prevalent religion in Latin America? Catholicism

47. Define machismo: Male domination

48. What are some causes of instability in Latin America? Social inequality Cartels Gangs Coups

49. Geography

50. What is nationalism? Pride and loyalty to one’s nation

51. What is imperialism? One country taking over another country

52. What is ethnocentrism? Judging other cultures by standards of one’s own culture

53. What is industrialization? A major switch from manual labor to the sue of machinery

54. What are physical features? natural elements of the environment

55. What are political features? Boundaries made by humans

56. What is westernization? The adoption of western cultures

57. What is culture? All things that make up a people’s way of life

58. What does interdependent mean? The dependence on other countries for goods, knowledge, and resources