1. USDA, National Ag Statistics Service Marc Tosiano, MISO Staff Director Small Area Data for Agriculture USDA, National Ag Statistics Service www.nass.usda.gov Marc Tosiano, MISO Staff Director APDU Conference Sep 24, 1009 National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA

2. USDA, National Ag Statistics Service Marc Tosiano, MISO Staff Director NASS Mission Statement Crops, Livestock, Poultry, Economic, Demographic & Environmental Statistics

3. USDA, National Ag Statistics Service Marc Tosiano, MISO Staff Director Palmer San Juan Honolulu Western Field Offices Eastern Field Offices Cooperative Agreements in 46 Field Offices Headquarters in Washington, DC

4. USDA, National Ag Statistics Service Marc Tosiano, MISO Staff Director Farm Definition A farm is ”any place where $1,000 or more of agricultural products were produced and sold, or normally would have been sold.” (since 1974)

5. USDA, National Ag Statistics Service Marc Tosiano, MISO Staff Director “Small Area” defined  State County Zip Code (limited data) US Congressional Districts State Legislative Districts  Watershed  Tribal Lands

6. USDA, National Ag Statistics Service Marc Tosiano, MISO Staff Director Ag Census measures US Agriculture  Farm numbers & farmland usage  Crops, livestock & poultry production and sales  Expenses by category  Demographics  Farm equipment & machinery  Farm practices  Government payments  and more

7. USDA, National Ag Statistics Service Marc Tosiano, MISO Staff Director 5-year Census of Agriculture How is this data important? (1 of 2)  Growers’ business plans  Lenders  Universities & Ag Extension  Location of  Food sources for buyers  Farm Supply/Equip. Dealers  Food & Fuel Manuf. Facilities

8. USDA, National Ag Statistics Service Marc Tosiano, MISO Staff Director 5-year Census of Agriculture How is this data important? (2 of 2)  Educate public about food sources  Farm Bill & other legislation  Government program development  Minority outreach by USDA  & much more

9. USDA, National Ag Statistics Service Marc Tosiano, MISO Staff Director Ag Census Methods Correction due to non-response  75% minimum response per county  Remaining are imputed

10. USDA, National Ag Statistics Service Marc Tosiano, MISO Staff Director Ag Census Methods Correction due to list incompleteness  Missing farms estimated by state using the complete AREA Frame  Counties are calibrated to add back to State estimate WHY? Funding doesn’t allow enough Area Segments per county.

11. USDA, National Ag Statistics Service Marc Tosiano, MISO Staff Director NASS Area Frame Segment Each segment is about 1 sq mile For Example, 300 segments in Pennsylvania

12. USDA, National Ag Statistics Service Marc Tosiano, MISO Staff Director Limits to Census County Data Calibration Precision Putting data into correct county is only based on mail address & county of major sales Confidentiality Some county data must be hidden due to confidentiality laws

13. USDA, National Ag Statistics Service Marc Tosiano, MISO Staff Director Limited annual county data  Federally Funded Major field crops, but only in the major states for the crop Cattle and Dairy Cows in major states  State funding varies for additional crops, livestock or poultry

14. USDA, National Ag Statistics Service Marc Tosiano, MISO Staff Director County data has direct impact Land Values State land preservation programs Crop Yields Crop Insurance payments (RMA) Disaster payments (FSA) Cash Rents Rent paid to CRP participants (FSA)

15. USDA, National Ag Statistics Service Marc Tosiano, MISO Staff Director Annual County Methods Data taken from all surveys & Fall survey is sent to about 25% of farms  Publication of each county depends on  Minimum of 30 responses for each commodity  OR minimum of 75% coverage of each commodity

16. USDA, National Ag Statistics Service Marc Tosiano, MISO Staff Director Thank you ! Marc Tosiano National Agricultural Statistics Service, USDA Room 5129 South Building 1400 Independence Ave, SW Washington, DC 20250 202.720.7017 800.727.9540, Customer Service nass@nass.usda.gov www.nass.usda.gov