1. Chapter 3 Vocabulary The Israelites

2. 1.Monotheism - the belief in one god. 2.Torah - laws received by Moses from God, that later became the first part of the Hebrew Bible. 3.Covenant - an agreement. 4.Tribe - group of related families. 5.Tribute - payment made by one group or nation to another to show obedience or to obtain peace or protection.

3. 6. Prophet - person who claims to be instructed by god to share God’s word. 7. Empire - a nation that rules several other nations. 8. proverb - wise saying; many were created by King Solomon. 9. Philistines - strongest people living in Canaan; made iron tools and weapons. 10. Samaritans - name for Assyrians who settled around Samaria.

4. 11. exile - forced to live in a foreign land. 12. synagogue - Jewish house of worship. 13. messiah - deliverer sent by God. 14. rabbi - Jewish teacher and teacher of the Torah. 15. Judaism - the Israelite religion that focuses on only one God. 16. kosher - food that is prepared according to Jewish dietary law.

5. 17. Hanukkah - Jewish holiday celebrating the festival of lights in the month of December. 18. zealot - Jews who wanted to fight the Romans for their freedom. 19. Diaspora - a Greek word that means scattered. 20. Pharisees - group of Jews who taught that the Torah applied to home and family.

6. 21. Sadducees - a group of Jews who taught that the Torah applied to the priests in the Temple. 22. Essenes - a group of Jews who spent their lives praying and waiting for God to deliver the Jews from the Romans. 23. Maccabees - a group of Jews who formed an army to fight against the Greeks.

7. 24. Dead Sea Scrolls - ancient writings of the Essenes found in the desert. 25. Sabbath - weekly day of worship and rest for Jews. 26. Kashrut - Jewish laws about food which means “that which is proper”.