1. Munin Doctoral theses and articles PhD-school EPINOR 17 June 2008 Leif Longva http://uit.no/munin

2. Disp 1. Om vitenarkiver og Munin 2. Om publisering og rettigheter 3. Om dr-avhandlinger

3. The agenda Munin and open archives - and the question of rights Journal articles and other published documents Doctoral theses

4. Munin Project decided by the University board To establish an open institutional archive for UiT, disseminating: –Master’s theses –Doctoral dissertations –Journal articles –Books, scientific reports, conference papers, working papers …

5. The traditional way of organising publishing The taxpayer funds research The taxpayer funds the researcher’s writing The taxpayer funds other researcher’s evaluation of the manuscript and scientific editorial work The taxpayer then funds subscriptions to the journal But the taxpayer gets no access to the results !

6. More problems The taxpayer funds – but the revenue goes to a commercial publisher with major profits The publisher can only earn money by restricting access – this means fewer readers for the author This means no access for scholars and students from emerging and developing countries Costly, inefficient and immoral!

7. Possible answers Self-archiving –Gives better access –Small extra cost –Supplements the traditional model Open Access journals –Reorganizes the finances of publishing –Replaces the traditional model –Maximizes access –Still a place for the publisher Now as a service provider, not as an owner of content

8. Open archives Different types: –Institutional archives Universities Research institutes –Subject specific Lingbuzz – linguistics ArXiv – physics, maths, computer science RePec – economics … Norwegian archives

9. International trend

11. Why open archives? Dissemination – the world wants to read your works! Archives are ”harvested” by search services devoted to scholarly works –NORA (Norw. Open Research Archives)NORA –Google ScholarGoogle Scholar –OAIsterOAIster And of course indexed by Google Open archives: In addition to journals and books – not instead of

13. Why open archives? Scholars want to be read and cited Institutions want to show their production Moral motivation: –Results of publicly funded research should be publicly available And: The internet has made this dissemination-tool possible

14. Master’s theses in Munin A dedicated submission portal (within Munin) –Students may submit their thesis from home –Streamlined administrative routines January 1 2008, U-dir decided all master’s theses to be submitted through Munin –Students may decide not to publish their thesis in Munin Fall 2007: Approx. 70% of submitted master’s theses are published in Munin Similar submission tool for doctoral theses is planned (Jan 1 2009)

15. Published materials Is open archiving in Munin a violation of publishing agreements? Not necessarily –Different policies among the publishers –The majority of scholarly journals agree on open archiving (in some form) –Many publishers realise that open archives gives the publisher publicity –Pressure is growing from funders: agree on open archiving, or the article goes elsewhere European Research Council, NIH, Wellcome Trust, … –And pressure from the scholars …

16. Journal articles Different policies among the publishers and journals –Author’s final draft post refereeing – this version is often OK to archive –Preprint: version prior to refereeing – some publishers say OK to archiving this –Publisher’s pdf-version – most commonly, this is not OK to archive –Normal: Some embargo period

17. Books – book chapters Some publishers realise that a book freely available on the net is just good advertising for the printed book! When the book is out of print: Archiving is normally OK NB: Take care to safekeep an electronic copy of the final manuscript

18. Publishing agreement The agreement the author signs determines what is allowed wrt open archiving But: Authors can ask for permissions beyond what the standard agreement says Author addendum –A standard formular to use to reserve the right to archive –SPARC Author AddendumSPARC Author Addendum openaccess.no –a site with further information on these things

19. Mandatory to archive Public research funding: –More and more mandate open access or open archiving –Publicly funded – should be publicly available! European Research Council National Institutes of Health Norwegian Research Council? Publishers must and will accept these terms The Sherpa/Romeo database: information on what each journal acceptsThe Sherpa/Romeo

20. Institutional mandates Many institutions have adopted policies saying all research results should be available in an open archive: –Harvard University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences –Harvard Law School –University of Sterling –University of Southampton –Helsinki University

21. What the mandates say Mandates require deposit into an open archive Access to the article is the next question –In order to appreciate special concerns from authors and publishers: Exceptions are allowed –Harvard-mandate: Authors must apply in order to be exempted from the mandate All are depositied Articles not to be openly available are the exceptions – and needs extra effort –Embargo is accepted; normal 12 months

22. Deposit into Munin Journal articles: –Deposit through the Frida registration form –Munin will do all the work to check what the publisher allows –If author addendum is used, we need to be notified

23. Open Access Journals OA-journals give readers free access to content on-line, on the Internet They have editors and referees like traditional journals Except for distribution, they look and work like traditional journals –No paper to print and distribute –No administration of subscribers

24. OA journals – the finances Someone has to pay! Institutional sponsorship –The publishing institution: University, Research Institute etc. –Financing institution: Fund, research agency Author pays (APC: Article processing charge) –Payment per accepted article –Waived for low-income countries –Rather common also in traditional publishing!

25. OA journals – a status DOAJ lists 3340 OA journals –Frida lists 19 243 journals in all –91 journals in Linguistics Among them: Nordlyd from UiT/HF OA journals on both level 1 and 2 in Frida –And, of course, on level 0 A large number not evaluated, but would be acceptable on level 1

26. Doctoral theses Important material for the institution to ”brag about” Has been through extensive peer review The best source for important new thoughts and ideas Very limited and inefficient distribution in print

27. Two major types The monograph –Unknown in the STM (Science, technology and medicine) fields –May have a future as a book? –Often high scholarly value –Inefficient distribution, quickly out-of-print The article-based –Articles already published in journals, or is in the process of being published –A synthesis chapter summarising findings and/or theoretical aspects – not published anywhere else

28. Avoiding problems Unpublished manuscripts: Not included in Munin if author(s) ask us not to We ask publishers for permission to include published articles when archiving theses Trend: Publishers consent –Funders’ and institutions’ mandates –They realize that archives is another marketing channel for the journal

29. Advantages of archiving Increased readership –In time: Before the defence Preferably: We make it available 2 weeks prior to defence –In space: Worldwide readership Not really an alternative with print version Increased availability –Never out-of-print

30. What you need to do Only to answer our e-mails Hand in pdf-version of your dissertation to the faculty admin –We communicate with the faculty –We want to make available your thesis prior to defence And we will do all the labour But: –When submitting manuscripts to journals: Ask for permission to include a copy of the article in Munin –(And preferrably choose journals who permit this)

32. Munin http://uit.no/munin