2. Q: What are Infectious Diseases?
A: Diseases spread from person to person by pathogens.

3. “give birth to suffering”
Pathogens
Q: What are Pathogens?
A: Derived from Greek:
pathos means “suffering”
gen - means “give birth to”.
Translation…..
“give birth to suffering”

4. Two most common Pathogens
1. Bacteria
Living things
Grow in warm, dark, moist places
Can be cured with antibiotics
2.Viruses
Non-living things
Invade cells and take over
No cure

5. How do Infectious Diseases Spread?
1. Infected people
2. Contaminated objects
3. Contaminated food and water
4. Infected Animals

6. Modes of Transmission (spread)?
1. Direct (kissing, sex, bites) e.g. “mono”, HIV, gonorrhea, herpes, chlamydia, rabies
2. Indirect (drinking glasses, toothbrushes, toys) e.g. influenza,
strep throat
3. Airborne (coughing, sneezing, aerosol, droplet) e.g. influenza, TB
4. Vector-borne (mosquitoes, ticks, fleas) e.g. malaria, lyme disease
5. Waterborne (pools, streams) e.g. cholera, Giardia diarrhea
6. Foodborne (chicken, seafood) e.g. food poisoning, hepatitis A, tapeworms
7. Fecal-oral (poor handwashing) e.g. polio salmonella

7. Horton & Parker: Informed Infection Control Practice (www)
Chain of Infection
Horton & Parker: Informed Infection Control Practice (www)

8. Q: Why aren't we always sick?
Clean Water
Sewage System
Disinfectants
Antiseptics
Immunization Shots
Hospitals
Immune System

9. Q: Why do we get sick? Gender Genetics Climate / weather
Poor nutrition
Stress
Lack of sleep
Smoking
Hygiene

10. Ways to Prevent Infectious Diseases
Wash your hands
Keep your room cool and well lit
Avoid sick people
Healthy Diet
Exercise Regularly
Control Stress
8 hours of sleep
Drink plenty of water!

11. Any questions?