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A Phase III study (EMBRACE. ) of eribulin mesylate vs
A Phase III study (EMBRACE*) of eribulin mesylate vs. treatment of physician’s choice in patients with locally recurrent or metastatic breast cancer previously treated with an anthracycline and a taxane Dr Chris Twelves Professor of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Oncology University of Leeds & St James’s University Hospital, Leeds, UK On behalf of the abstract co-authors and EMBRACE investigators *Eisai Metastatic Breast Cancer Study Assessing Physician's Choice Versus Eribulin (E7389)
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Introduction There is a significant need for therapies that improve overall survival in MBC Several established cytotoxic therapies for MBC however, many patients do not respond, or become refractory No single standard of care for heavily pre-treated MBC depends upon prior treatment, availability, and patient / oncologist preference To date, no single agent has demonstrated overall survival benefit in heavily pre-treated MBC MBC, metastatic breast cancer
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Eribulin mesylate Halichondrins ― a new class of antineoplastic agents
Eribulin is a synthetic analog of halichondrin B, a natural marine sponge product Non-taxane microtubule dynamics inhibitor with a novel mode of action Potent anti-proliferative agent in vitro and in vivo Active against β-tubulin mutated cell lines Wide therapeutic window and induces less neuropathy in mice than paclitaxel Halichondria okadai Halichondrin B H O Me HO 1 O MeO Eribulin Mesylate HO H3N + MsO - H O O O H H O O O O Me H O Towle et al 2001; Jordan et al 2005; Kuznetsov et al 2004; Okouneva et al 2008; Smith et al 2010 3
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Phase II clinical activity
Study 201 (N=87 per protocol)† Study 211 (N=269 eligible population)† Median number of prior therapies (range) 4 (1-11)§ 4 (2-5) ORR, % 11.5* 9.3* Clinical benefit rate, % (CR + PR + SD ≥6 months) 17.2 17.1 this slide *No complete responses †Results are based upon independent radiological review §Intent-to-treat population (n=103) ORR, objective response rate; PR, partial response; SD, stable disease. Vahdat et al JCO 2009; 27: Cortes et al 2010 (accepted for publication by JCO)
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Treatment of Physician’s Choice (TPC)
EMBRACE study design Global, randomized, open-label Phase III trial (Study 305) Eribulin mesylate 1.4 mg/m2, 2-5 min IV Day 1, 8 q21 days Patients (N=762) Primary endpoint Locally recurrent or MBC 2-5 prior chemotherapies Progression ≤6 months of last chemotherapy Neuropathy ≤grade 2 ECOG ≤2 Overall survival ≥2 for advanced disease Prior anthracycline and taxane Randomization 2:1 Secondary endpoints Treatment of Physician’s Choice (TPC) Any monotherapy (chemotherapy, hormonal, biological)* or supportive care only† PFS ORR Safety Stratification: Geographical region, prior capecitabine, HER2/neu status * Approved for treatment of cancer †Or palliative treatment or radiotherapy administered according to local practice, if applicable ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; IV, intravenous; PFS, progression-free survival; HER2/neu, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
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Statistical plan Primary pre-defined analysis in the ITT population
Two-sided stratified log-rank test by randomization parameters Overall survival nominal significance level (adjusted interim analysis); no other adjustments made Analysis planned at 411 events (actual number 422 events) Achieved 12 May 2009 Survival follow up analysis ongoing All subset analyses were pre-planned ITT, intent-to-treat population
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Patient characteristics
Eribulin (n=508) TPC (n=254) TOTAL (n=762) Median age (range) 55 (28-85) 56 (27-81) 55 (27-85) ECOG, % 1 2 Missing 43 48 8 1.6 41 50 9 42 49 Geographic region, % I North America, Western Europe, Australia II Eastern Europe, Russia, Turkey III Latin America, South Africa 64 25 11 Prior capecitabine, % Yes No 73 27 74 26 Median no. prior chemotherapy regimens (range) 4 (1-7) 4 (2-7) ITT population
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Disease characteristics
Eribulin (n=508) TPC (n=254) TOTAL (n=762) ER positive, % 66 67 PR positive, % 50 48 HER2/neu status, % Positive 16 Negative 73 76 74 Unknown 10 9 Triple (ER/PR/HER2) negative, % 18 21 20 No. organs involved, % ≤2 51 46 49 >2 54 Sites of disease,* % Liver 58 63 61 Lung 39 37 38 Bone 60 62 ITT population; *Clinically relevant sites of disease; ER, estrogen receptor; PR, progesterone receptor
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TPC treatment received
96% of patients treated with chemotherapy Total patients = 247 % of patients n=61 n=46 n=44 n=38 n=24 n=25 n=9 No patient received best supportive care or “biological” therapies only ITT population; Taxanes: paclitaxel, docetaxel, abraxane, (ixabepilone) Anthracyclines: doxorubicin, liposomal doxorubicin, mitoxantrone 9
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Eribulin Median 13.12 months Overall survival (months)
TPC (n=254) Eribulin (n=508) 53.9% 1 year survival 43.7% 1.0 0.8 Eribulin Median months 0.6 Survival probability HR* 0.81 (95% CI 0.66, 0.99) p-value†=0.041 0.4 TPC Median months 0.2 2.47 months 0.0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 Overall survival (months) ITT population; *HR Cox model including geographic region, HER2/neu status, and prior capecitabine therapy as strata †p value from stratified log-rank test (pre-defined primary analysis); HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence intervals 10
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Progression-free survival
Proportion progression-free Investigator review (ITT) Time (months) 10 20 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 2 4 6 8 12 14 16 18 Median (months) Eribulin TPC HR 0.76 (95% CI 0.64, 0.90) p-value=0.002 Eribulin (n=508) TPC (n=254) 20 Eribulin (n=508) TPC (n=254) Time (months) Independent review (ITT) Proportion progression-free 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 Eribulin TPC HR 0.87 (95% CI 0.71, 1.05) p-value=0.14 Median (months) PFS in the per-protocol population was significant with both independent (p=0.02) and investigator review (p<0.001) 11
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Best overall response Independent review Eribulin (n=468) TPC (n=214)
ORR (CR+PR), % 12.2 4.7 p-value 0.002 SD, % 44.4 44.9 PD, % 40.6 49.1 NE, % 2.6 1.4 Clinical benefit rate (CR + PR + SD ≥6 months),% 22.6 16.8 Response evaluable population CR, complete response; PR, partial response; SD, stable disease; PD, progressive disease; NE, non-evaluable
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Best overall response Independent review Investigator review Eribulin
TPC (n=214) ORR (CR+PR), % 12.2 4.7 13.2 7.5 p-value 0.002 0.028 SD, % 44.4 44.9 46.8 PD, % 40.6 49.1 37.6 45.3 NE, % 2.6 1.4 2.4 2.3 Clinical benefit rate (CR + PR + SD ≥6 months),% 22.6 16.8 27.8 20.1 Response evaluable population CR, complete response; PR, partial response; SD, stable disease; PD, progressive disease; NE, non-evaluable
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Overall incidence of AEs
Adverse event (AE), % Eribulin (n=503) TPC (n=247) All AEs 98.8 93.1 Serious AEs 25.0 25.9 AEs leading to interruption 5.0 10.1 discontinuation 13.3 15.4 dose reduction 16.9 15.8 dose delay 35.2 32.4 Fatal AEs 4.0 7.3 Fatal AEs (treatment-related) 1.0 0.8 14
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Grade 3 and 4 AEs* Grade 3 Grade 4 Eribulin (n=503) TPC (n=247)
Hematologic events, % Neutropenia 21.1 14.2 24.1 6.9 Leukopenia 11.7 4.9 2.2 0.8 Anemia 1.8 3.2 0.2 0.4 Febrile neutropenia 3.0 1.2 Non-hematologic events, % Asthenia / fatigue 8.2 10.1 0.6 Peripheral neuropathy† 7.8 2.0 Nausea 2.4 Dyspnea 3.6 Mucosal inflammation 1.4 Hand-foot syndrome *>2% incidence; † Neuropathy peripheral, neuropathy, paresthesia, peripheral motor neuropathy, polyneuropathy, peripheral sensory neuropathy, peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy, demyelinating polyneuropathy 15
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EMBRACE: conclusions EMBRACE is the first Phase III single-agent study in heavily pre-treated MBC to meet its primary endpoint of prolonged overall survival Eribulin demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in overall survival Improvement of median overall survival was 2.5 months (23%) Clinically meaningful in heavily pretreated patients Overall response rate and progression-free survival also favored eribulin These benefits were achieved with a manageable safety profile These results potentially establish eribulin as a new option for women with heavily pre-treated MBC Acknowledgements We would like to thank all of the patients, as well as the investigators and their teams, who participated in the EMBRACE study 16
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