1. 1. NOTES: CH. 33 SECTION 4 (PART 1) 2. 33.3 VOCABULARY 3. 1980’S EXAM (CH.33) WILL BE THURSDAY, MAY 22! The 1980’s

2. George Bush Takes Office George H.W. Bush: Yale grad. WWII Navy veteran. First U.S. diplomat to China. 1976-1977: Head of the CIA. VP for Reagan from 1981-1989. Conservative Majority of Americans happy with Reagan. Democrats hoped to regain White House by appealing to minorities & the poor. Democrats nominate Michael Dukakis (Gov. Massachusetts.)

4. Cold War Ends Bush worked with Russian leader Mikhail Gorbachev. Late 1980’s: Soviet economy struggling. 1. Expensive arms race with U.S. 2. Invasion and ongoing war with Afghanistan. Gorbachev used perestroika (economic restructuring- allowed private business and profit making.) He used the policy of glasnost (openness), allowing freedoms such as religion and speech.

5. Cold War Ends Glasnost spread to Eastern Europe. Revolutions in Eastern European nations replaced communist rulers with democratic governments. November 1989: Berlin Wall comes down.

7. May 16, 2014 1. Continue 33.4 Notes: The End of the Cold War 2. Video Clip: Tiananmen Sq. Massacre 3. 33.4 Notes/Vocab Packet 1980’s Exam (Ch. 33) will be THURSDAY, MAY 22!

9. Tiananmen Square Communist leaders were determined to stay in power in China. May, 1989: Chinese students and workers held demonstrations for democracy. June, 1989: Chinese military crushed the protests, killing many and arresting many more.

10. Panama In 1978, the US agreed to give Panama complete control of the Panama Canal by 2000. 1989, Panama’s dictator Manuel Noriega stopped cooperating with US. Also aided drug traffickers and harassed American military personnel in Panama. Operation Just Cause: Dec., 1989: US invades Panama & captured Noriega

12. May 19, 2014 1. Continue 33.4 Notes: The Persian Gulf War 2. Work on 33.4 Notes Packet 1980’s Exam: Thursday, May 22!

14. The Persian Gulf War Saddam Hussein became president of Iraq in 1979. 1980-1988: Iran-Iraq War US Supported Iraq and loaned Hussein over $80 Billion. Kuwait loaned Iraq over $14 Billion. This war left Hussein and Iraq in tremendous debt. He wanted reparations from Iran and for Kuwait to forgive the debt. Hussein also argued that Kuwait had been overproducing oil.

15. The Persian Gulf War August 2, 1990, Saddam invaded Kuwait. Iraq conquers Kuwait with days and declare it Iraqi province. August 10th, 1990, Saddam declares Jihad against U.S. and Israel. U.S. / U.N. reaction (Operation Desert Shield- Buildup of forces) demanded immediate withdraw and issued an ultimatum to be out by Jan 15, 1991. Operation Desert Storm: January 16, 1991: U.S. initiated around the clock bombing of major Iraqi cities. After 6 weeks of bombing, the coalition launched a major ground attack in Kuwait. Kuwait was liberated and Iraq agreed to terms of cease fire just 100 days after ground invasion. Iraq burned over 700 Kuwaiti oil fields during retreat.

16. The Economy Slows & Election of 1992 Recession began in 1990 As Soviet threat faded, US reduced its armed forces and purchased much less military equipment. Thousands of soldiers and defense industry workers were laid off. Other companies downsized as well: lay off workers and managers. Government was faced with budget deficit so was paying high interest on loans. Bush went against campaign pledge and RAISED taxes and cut spending. 1992 Election Recession weakened Bush’s popularity. Democrat: Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton. Clinton promised to cut middle class taxes and spending. Independent: Ross Perot- cut deficit spending Clinton won with 43% of the vote and 370 Electoral Votes.