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Service Provision in Rural and Small Town Canada Greg Halseth and Laura Ryser University of Northern B.C. INE Spring Workshop Spring 2004.

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Presentation on theme: "Service Provision in Rural and Small Town Canada Greg Halseth and Laura Ryser University of Northern B.C. INE Spring Workshop Spring 2004."— Presentation transcript:

1 Service Provision in Rural and Small Town Canada Greg Halseth and Laura Ryser University of Northern B.C. INE Spring Workshop Spring 2004

2 Challenges for Service Provision in Rural and Small Town Places I Large distances & low population density Large distances & low population density Higher costs Higher costs Questions of quality: Questions of quality: Residents may by-pass local providers Residents may by-pass local providers Urban-based service standards Urban-based service standards Specialized services rarely justified in rural places Specialized services rarely justified in rural places

3 Challenges for Service Provision in Rural and Small Town Places II Challenges obtaining resources Challenges obtaining resources Human & financial resources controlled by large urban centres Human & financial resources controlled by large urban centres Changes in demographics add new pressures Changes in demographics add new pressures Newcomers, urban commuters, elderly Newcomers, urban commuters, elderly

4 Methodology I Site Profiles: 1998, 2000, 2003 Site Profiles: 1998, 2000, 2003 2003 Site Profile: 22 sites 2003 Site Profile: 22 sites 6 sites in Atlantic Canada 6 sites in Atlantic Canada 4 sites in Québec 4 sites in Québec 4 sites in Ontario 4 sites in Ontario 8 sites in Western Canada 8 sites in Western Canada 11 non-adjacent sites 11 non-adjacent sites 11 metro-adjacent sites 11 metro-adjacent sites

5 Methodology II Rural Observatory includes data for: Education HealthEducation Health Protection services LegalProtection services Legal Financial services CommunicationFinancial services Communication Elderly and childcare GovernmentElderly and childcare Government Community TransportationCommunity Transportation Recreational ShoppingRecreational Shopping Economic dev. orgs HousingEconomic dev. orgs Housing

6 Educational Services Table 1: Educational Services Service 1998 2000 2003 % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes AdjN.AdjAdjN.AdjAdjN.Adj Pre-sch. / kindergarten****63.636.4 Elementary school92.358.366.772.772.754.5 High school30.833.372.745.518.236.4 N=10-13 **new category: data not collected for this service this year

7 Health Services I Table 2: Availability of Health Services Service 1998 2000 2003 % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes AdjN.AdjAdjN.AdjAdjN.Adj Hospital15.436.411.127.39.127.3 Health centre / CLSC****27.327.3 Medical clinic****36.445.5 Pharmacy**44.454.536.445.5 Ambulance53.870.011.145.518.254.5 Emergency services**55.663.69.127.3 N=9-13 **new category: data not collected for this service this year

8 Health Services II Table 3: Availability of Health Professionals Service 1998 2000 2003 % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes AdjN.AdjAdjN.AdjAdjN.Adj Doctors46.245.544.454.527.345.5 Nurses38.554.544.463.627.345.5 Dentists38.527.333.336.427.327.3 Optometrists7.718.20.09.19.127.3 Social workers36.441.750.036.418.227.3 N= 9-13 **new category: data not collected for this service this year

9 Protection Services Table 4: Availability of Protection Services ________________________________________________ Service 1998 2000 2003 % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes AdjN.AdjAdjN.AdjAdjN.Adj ________________________________________________ Police57.170.044.445.59.136.4 Fire dep’t100.090.0100.072.781.854.5 91169.250.088.945.581.890.9 ________________________________________________N=9-13

10 Legal Services Table 5: Availability of Legal Services Service 1998 2000 2003 % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes AdjN.AdjAdjN.AdjAdjN.Adj Lawyer30.850.022.236.418.218.2 Notary45.545.544.436.445.536.4 Court9.120.012.518.29.127.3 N=9-13

11 Financial Services Table 6: Availability of Financial Services ________________________________________________ Service 1998 2000 2003 % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes AdjN.AdjAdjN.AdjAdjN.Adj ________________________________________________ Banks**53.866.755.645.536.436.4 Credit Union**44.454.536.463.6 ATM50.033.344.463.654.545.5 Insurance office46.241.744.454.545.554.5 ________________________________________________N=9-13 **In 1998, banks and credit unions included in one category.

12 Child and Elderly Services Table 7: Availability of Child & Elderly Services Service 1998 2000 2003 % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes AdjN.AdjAdjN.AdjAdjN.Adj Daycare61.536.444.454.554.536.4 Senior nursing home****0.036.4 Sr. retirement home38.545.555.636.436.427.3 N=9-13 **new category: data not collected for this service this year

13 Government Services Table 8: Availability of Government Services Service 1998 2000 2003 % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes AdjN.AdjAdjN.AdjAdjN.Adj Employment Ins.15.425.00.018.20.09.1 Prov. Auto License15.436.422.236.49.127.3 Social Assistance23.141.711.136.418.227.3 Town hall84.681.888.990.972.763.6 Post office**77.881.881.881.8 N=9-13 **new category: data not collected for this service this year

14 Community Services Table 9: Availability of Community Services Service 1998 2000 2003 % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes AdjN.AdjAdjN.AdjAdjN.Adj Food bank15.418.222.218.245.518.2 Second hand stores33.327.333.336.436.445.5 Half-way house27.312.525.027.30.09.1 Personal aid services38.536.433.336.418.245.5 N=9-13

15 Transportation Table 10: Availability of Transportation Services Service 1998 2000 2003 % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes AdjN.AdjAdjN.AdjAdjN.Adj Train – passenger0.00.00.018.20.09.1 Train – freight33.330.033.318.227.345.5 Airport7.70.011.118.227.39.1 Taxi14.322.222.227.327.327.3 Gas station****90.981.8 Automobile repair****63.663.6 N=9-13 **new category: data not collected for this service this year

16 Recreation Services I Table 11: Availability of Outdoor Recreational Amenities Service 1998 2000 2003 % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes AdjN.AdjAdjN.AdjAdjN.Adj Outdoor skating rink****36.427.3 Comm. playing field84.681.8100.081.890.972.7 Municipal parks91.750.0100.072.790.963.6 Tennis courts****36.427.3 Skiing trails****45.554.5 Hiking trails****72.754.5 Golf courses****36.427.3 Campgrounds****72.763.6 N=9-13 **new category: data not collected for this service this year

17 Recreational Services II Table 12: Availability of Indoor Recreational Amenities Service 1998 2000 2003 % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes AdjN.AdjAdjN.AdjAdjN.Adj Curling rink62.562.544.445.536.427.3 Indoor swimming pool****9.118.2 Indoor skating rink****54.545.5 Community gym54.550.044.454.563.636.4 N= 9-13 **new category: data not collected for this service this year

18 Recreational Services III Table 13: Availability of Cultural Amenities Service 1998 2000 2003 % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes % Yes AdjN.AdjAdjN.AdjAdjN.Adj Community centre84.690.0100.090.990.972.7 Theatre-live27.325.022.227.39.118.2 Cinema-movie theatre9.18.311.118.20.09.1 Museum**33.345.545.527.3 Library83.366.788.981.881.872.7 N=9-13 **new category: data not collected for this service this year

19 Challenges and Opportunities I Few services available in a majority of sites Few services available in a majority of sites 24 / 116 services in more than 50% of sites 24 / 116 services in more than 50% of sites Limited service areas: health care, legal services, childcare and elderly services, and community services Limited service areas: health care, legal services, childcare and elderly services, and community services Service provision is declining Service provision is declining 63.5% of services previously tracked declined 63.5% of services previously tracked declined Larger declines: ambulance, emergency services, policing, fire departments, social workers, lawyers, banks, town halls, curling rinks Larger declines: ambulance, emergency services, policing, fire departments, social workers, lawyers, banks, town halls, curling rinks

20 Challenges and Opportunities II Service declines in metro-adjacent sites: Service declines in metro-adjacent sites: Emergency, protection, & community services Emergency, protection, & community services Service declines in non-adjacent sites: Service declines in non-adjacent sites: Recreational services Recreational services Over 90% of services accessible within 30 minutes Over 90% of services accessible within 30 minutes Some services are growing: Some services are growing: 911, ATMs, 2 nd hand stores, airports, and taxis 911, ATMs, 2 nd hand stores, airports, and taxis

21 Next Steps Links Links To model To model Tools for capacity Tools for capacity Facilitating capacity Facilitating capacity 2005 Site Profile Inventory 2005 Site Profile Inventory

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