2. Cattle Ranching In Texas

3. Cattle Trails Vocabulary stockyardChisholm Trail packinghouseWestern Trail cow townGoodnight-Loving Trail round uprustler wranglerchuck wagon

4. Formative Activity, Part 1 Using your textbook, find the definitions to the Vocabulary Terms on pages 362-376. Using your textbook, find the definitions to the Vocabulary Terms on pages 362-376. Write the word and the definition for each term. Write the word and the definition for each term. You may work with a table partner, but each student is responsible for all the words and their accuracy. You may work with a table partner, but each student is responsible for all the words and their accuracy. You have 10 minutes (plenty of time!) for this part. If you do not finish, it is for homework. You have 10 minutes (plenty of time!) for this part. If you do not finish, it is for homework.

5. Origins of the Cattle Industry The Spanish brought cattle to North America. The Spanish brought cattle to North America. Various breeds intermixed to become Longhorns. This breed is very tough and able to protect itself and survive the harsh climate conditions found on the plains. Various breeds intermixed to become Longhorns. This breed is very tough and able to protect itself and survive the harsh climate conditions found on the plains. The Mexican and English cultures influenced early cattle ranching methods. The Mexican and English cultures influenced early cattle ranching methods.

6. Markets for Beef After the Civil War, demand for beef increased. After the Civil War, demand for beef increased. Cattle were driven north on CATTLE TRAILS to railheads. Cattle were driven north on CATTLE TRAILS to railheads. They were then shipped by rail to markets in the northeast. They were then shipped by rail to markets in the northeast. These markets created stockyards (a pen where livestock is kept) and packinghouses (a warehouse where beef is prepared for shipment). These markets created stockyards (a pen where livestock is kept) and packinghouses (a warehouse where beef is prepared for shipment). They were driven (walked) to these railheads along cattle trails. They were driven (walked) to these railheads along cattle trails.

7. Major Cattle Trails Chisholm Trail - first of the great trails opened by Jesse Chisholm in 1867. The trail started in different places in South TX and went north to the railroads in Abilene and Ellsworth, Kansas. Chisholm Trail - first of the great trails opened by Jesse Chisholm in 1867. The trail started in different places in South TX and went north to the railroads in Abilene and Ellsworth, Kansas. Western Trail -Trail started by John Lytle in 1874 that started in South TX near Brownsville and went north into Dodge City, Kansas. Western Trail -Trail started by John Lytle in 1874 that started in South TX near Brownsville and went north into Dodge City, Kansas. Goodnight-Loving Trail -Trail started by Oliver Loving and Charles Goodnight that went up the Pecos River into New Mexico and up into Wyoming. Charles Goodnight also established the first cattle ranch in the Panhandle. Goodnight-Loving Trail -Trail started by Oliver Loving and Charles Goodnight that went up the Pecos River into New Mexico and up into Wyoming. Charles Goodnight also established the first cattle ranch in the Panhandle.

9. Cattle Ranches in Texas JA Ranch – Located in Palo Duro Canyon. Established by Charles Goodnight and John Adair (JA). More than a million acres. JA Ranch – Located in Palo Duro Canyon. Established by Charles Goodnight and John Adair (JA). More than a million acres. King Ranch – Located in South Texas. Started by Richard King. Eventually grew to more than a million acres. King Ranch – Located in South Texas. Started by Richard King. Eventually grew to more than a million acres. XIT Ranch – Located in the Panhandle. Largest ranch in Texas at more than 3 million acres. Land provided by Texas government in exchange for a new state capitol. XIT Ranch – Located in the Panhandle. Largest ranch in Texas at more than 3 million acres. Land provided by Texas government in exchange for a new state capitol. Matador Ranch – Located in Motley County. Founded by A.M. Britton and H.H. Campbell. Matador Ranch – Located in Motley County. Founded by A.M. Britton and H.H. Campbell.

10. King Ranch Location

11. XIT Ranch Location

12. JA Ranch Location

13. Matador Ranch Location

14. Barbed Wire Invented by Joseph F. Glidden Invented by Joseph F. Glidden Invented to confine large herds of cattle. Invented to confine large herds of cattle. Kept them “in” and “out”. (Ranchers -v- Farmers) Kept them “in” and “out”. (Ranchers -v- Farmers) Conflicts escalated between “Open-Rangers” and “Cattle Ranchers”. Conflicts escalated between “Open-Rangers” and “Cattle Ranchers”. Fence-cutting and rustling was common. Fence-cutting and rustling was common.

15. Windmills As cattle ranching increased, the amount of available surface water decreased. As cattle ranching increased, the amount of available surface water decreased. Windmills were used to pump water from underground sources. Windmills were used to pump water from underground sources. As a result, cattle could be raised in areas where surface water was scarce. As a result, cattle could be raised in areas where surface water was scarce. Windmills also began to be used as a sources of energy. Windmills also began to be used as a sources of energy.

16. Formative Activity, Part 2 Write a SENSIBLE sentence using each of the Vocabulary Words. Write a SENSIBLE sentence using each of the Vocabulary Words. The sentences should be about the topic of the Cattle Ranching Era. The sentences should be about the topic of the Cattle Ranching Era. Underline the Vocabulary Word in each sentence. Underline the Vocabulary Word in each sentence. Due on Tuesday. Due on Tuesday. There will also be a vocabulary quiz over these words on Tuesday. There will also be a vocabulary quiz over these words on Tuesday.