1. Mounting Violence

2.  In 1831 Nat Turner led a slave uprising in Virginia and raised tensions to an all time high

3.  written by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1852 about a slave and his overseer changed the Northern outlook on slavery

4.  The South tried to have the book banned but it sold millions of copies and had a huge impact.

5.  Frederick Douglas was one of the most adamant opponents to the Fugitive Slave Act  The movement gave rise to the Underground Railroad  Members of the movement were called conductors  One of the most famous was Harriet Tubman

6.  Sectional disagreements moved West with the settlers who remained pro North or pro South  Many began to push for a Transcontinental Railroad to make travel to the West quicker and easier

7.  In 1853 James Gadsden convinced Mexico to agree to accept $10 million for the territory known as the Gadsden Purchase  The land today is a 30,000 square mile strip of southern Arizona and New Mexico

8.  Democrat Stephen A. Douglas wanted a northern route that began in Chicago  Congress would first need to organize the territory west of Missouri and Iowa

9.  Douglas prepared a bill in 1853 to call the territory Nebraska

10.  Southerners refused to sign the bill unless the Missouri Compromise was repealed and slavery was allowed in the territory  To please southerners, Douglas pushed for the new territory to have popular sovereignty

11.  The Kansas-Nebraska Act divided the region into Kansas in the South and Nebraska in the North

12.  The act also repealed the Missouri Compromise  In 1856 Kansas became the scene of a territorial civil war known as “Bleeding Kansas”  “Border ruffians” help elect (illegally?) a pro-slavery state legislature.  Kansas ends up with two elected governments and two state constitutions.