1. AIXM 5.1 Seminar 12 – 13 December 2011
Metadata
AIXM 5.1 Seminar
12 – 13 December 2011
- Metadata, with some specific request to include (Scott):
o origin, resources, abstract, purpose, status, etc,
o compliancy with ISO (GIS-Metadata) and corrigendum
o compliancy with (GIS-Metadata-XML Schema, + gmdXML )
o constraints metadata, etc
ATC Global 2011

2. Why is metadata relevant to us? How is metadata used in AIXM?
What is metadata?
Why is metadata relevant to us?
How is metadata used in AIXM?
Connecting the ATM World
1. There are providers of information and users of information.
2. In our context these are e.g. AIM, Met and Airlines, ATC…
3. They connect using Information Services on the SWIM platform. These services have shared characteristics.
Ensuring Interoperability
4. The communication raises the "interoperability" concern. No point connecting to each other if you can’t use each other’s information.
5. AIRM provides the semantic interoperability at different levels of abstraction.
6. AIRM “palette” can be used to generate user-oriented data models.
10 These user-oriented data models can be used in the service definitions of Information Services.
11. Information services are harmonised by ISRM.
Timeline
12. Work on doing all of this is ongoing.
Metadata
ATC Global 2011

3. Why is metadata relevant to us? How is metadata used in AIXM?
What is metadata?
Why is metadata relevant to us?
How is metadata used in AIXM?
Connecting the ATM World
1. There are providers of information and users of information.
2. In our context these are e.g. AIM, Met and Airlines, ATC…
3. They connect using Information Services on the SWIM platform. These services have shared characteristics.
Ensuring Interoperability
4. The communication raises the "interoperability" concern. No point connecting to each other if you can’t use each other’s information.
5. AIRM provides the semantic interoperability at different levels of abstraction.
6. AIRM “palette” can be used to generate user-oriented data models.
10 These user-oriented data models can be used in the service definitions of Information Services.
11. Information services are harmonised by ISRM.
Timeline
12. Work on doing all of this is ongoing.
Metadata
ATC Global 2011

4. What is Metadata?
Metadata is data about data. Data explaining the nature of other data. Note that it depends on the application. Data for one application can be metadata for another one.
An example of metadata. The stored data is an image of the ISBN reference of a book plus the price. The image itself makes no sense for a machine, even for a barcode reader. The metadata states what type of reference it is. 
Metadata is the start of interoperability.
Metadata
ATC Global 2011

5. Metadata is… … constructed… ... for a purpose ...
... to facilitate an activity...
… constructed…
Metadata is wholly artificial, created by human beings.
... for a purpose ...
There is no universal metadata. For metadata to be useful it has to serve a purpose.
... to facilitate an activity...
There's something that you do with metadata.
Metadata
ATC Global 2011

6. Data: Runway Threshold
Who surveyed it?
Who processed the data?
Who published the data?
Metadata is used to answer these questions.
Example use in aviation
Metadata
ATC Global 2011

7. Metadata allows… Data to be found Starts interoperability
Decision making based on
Quality
Relevance
Time
Geography
Metadata

8. Why is metadata relevant to us? How is metadata used in AIXM?
What is metadata?
Why is metadata relevant to us?
How is metadata used in AIXM?
Connecting the ATM World
1. There are providers of information and users of information.
2. In our context these are e.g. AIM, Met and Airlines, ATC…
3. They connect using Information Services on the SWIM platform. These services have shared characteristics.
Ensuring Interoperability
4. The communication raises the "interoperability" concern. No point connecting to each other if you can’t use each other’s information.
5. AIRM provides the semantic interoperability at different levels of abstraction.
6. AIRM “palette” can be used to generate user-oriented data models.
10 These user-oriented data models can be used in the service definitions of Information Services.
11. Information services are harmonised by ISRM.
Timeline
12. Work on doing all of this is ongoing.
Metadata
ATC Global 2011

9. Aviation Metadata Requirements
Annex 15
Aeronautical Data and Information Quality (ADQ) Implementing Rule
Metadata

10. International Metadata Standards
19115
+ Corrigendum
19139
Metadata
ATC Global 2011

11. Other Inputs
Metadata

12. Bringing it Together 1. Discussion Paper 2. Guidance
Best Practice – what should be done
Guidance – how it might be done 1. 2.
Metadata
ATC Global 2011

13. Requirments were sourced from …
Metadata
ATC Global 2011

14. Requirements: Identification
Resource Title
This is a characteristic, and often unique, name by which the resource is known.
The value domain of this metadata element is free text.
[Source: INSPIRE IR (1.1)]
Resource Abstract
This is a brief narrative summary of the content of the resource.
[Source: INSPIRE IR (1.2)]
Resource Language
The language(s) used within the resource.
The value domain of this metadata element is limited to the languages defined in ISO
[Source: INSPIRE IR (1.7)]
Metadata

15. Guidance: Identification
Metadata

16. Requirements Identification Geographic Location Temporal
Classification
Temporal
Reference
Quality and
Validity
Constraints
Identification
Classification of Aviation Data
Geographic Location
Temporal Reference
Quality and Validity
Constraints Related to Access and Use
Organizations Responsible for the Establishment, Management, Maintenance and Distribution of Aviation Data Sets
Metadata on Metadata
Organisations
Responsible
Metadata on Metadata
Metadata
ATC Global 2011

17. Requirements: Quality and Validity (1)
Lineage
This is a record on the process history and/or overall quality of the aviation data set. Where appropriate is may include a statement whether or not the data set has been validated or quality assured.
In particular this metadata element shall record:
The name of the organization or entity performing the function;
The function performed. See section 7.1 for the options; and
The date and time of operation.
[Source: ICAO Annex 15 (13th Edition) (3.8), ADQ (Annex 1, Part C, (b), (c), (d), (h)), INSPIRE IR (6.1)]
Metadata

18. Requirements: Quality and Validity (2)
Accuracy of Numerical Data
The following metadata elements shall be recorded for numerical data:
The statistical accuracy of the measurement or calculation technique used;
The resolution;
The confidence level as required by the relevant ICAO standards.
Cyclic Redundancy Check
Electronic aeronautical data sets shall be protected by the inclusion in the data sets of a 32-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC) implemented by the application dealing with the data sets.
Metadata

19. Requirements: Constraints Related to Access and Use
Conditions Applying to Access and Use
This metadata element defines the conditions for access and use of the aviation data set and, where applicable, corresponding fees.
Limitations on Public Access
This metadata element shall provide information on any limitation on public access to the aviation resource and the reasons for them.
Metadata

20. Why is metadata relevant to us? How is metadata used in AIXM?
What is metadata?
Why is metadata relevant to us?
How is metadata used in AIXM?
Connecting the ATM World
1. There are providers of information and users of information.
2. In our context these are e.g. AIM, Met and Airlines, ATC…
3. They connect using Information Services on the SWIM platform. These services have shared characteristics.
Ensuring Interoperability
4. The communication raises the "interoperability" concern. No point connecting to each other if you can’t use each other’s information.
5. AIRM provides the semantic interoperability at different levels of abstraction.
6. AIRM “palette” can be used to generate user-oriented data models.
10 These user-oriented data models can be used in the service definitions of Information Services.
11. Information services are harmonised by ISRM.
Timeline
12. Work on doing all of this is ongoing.
Metadata
ATC Global 2011

21. Fulfilling the Requirements
19115
+ Corrigendum
19139
The use of ISO 19115:2003 — Geographic information — Metadata for the base of the description of the metadata information facilitates the interoperability both within the aeronautical domain and with other data domains.
ISO is applicable to:
the cataloguing of datasets, clearinghouse activities, and the full description of datasets;
geographic datasets, dataset series, and individual geographic features and feature properties.
It defines:
mandatory and conditional metadata sections, metadata entities, and metadata elements;
the minimum set of metadata required to serve the full range of metadata applications (data discovery, determining data fitness for use, data access, data transfer, and use of digital data);
optional metadata elements – to allow for a more extensive standard description of geographic data, if required;
a method for extending metadata to fit specialized needs.
The metadata elements referred to in Annex I, Part C include information about the originator of the data, amendments made to the data, details of any validation and verification of the data that has been performed, for geospatial data the earth reference model used, etc.
Metadata
ATC Global 2011

22. ISO Metadata
Metadata

23. ISO 19139 - XML schema implementation
Metadata

24. Metadata

25. Incorporated into AIXM
ISO 19115
ISO 19139
Metadata

26. Metadata can be at different levels
Message
Feature
Message – about the message. Can contain data from multiple sources.
Feature – about the feature.
Timeslice
Metadata
ATC Global 2011

27. Used
Metadata

28. Metadata allows… Data to be found Starts interoperability
Decision making based on
Quality
Relevance
Time
Geography
Metadata

29. Thank you for your attention!
Metadata
ATC Global 2011

30. Annex 1 – Further Requirements
Metadata

31. Classification of Aviation Data
Topic Category
The topic category is a high-level classification scheme to assist in the grouping of topic-based search of available aviation data resources.
The value domain of this metadata element is fixed to “transportation”.
[Source: INSPIRE IR (2.1)]
Metadata

32. Geographic Location Geographic Bounding Box
This is the extent of the resource in the geographic space, given as a bounding box. This requirement is in order to assist in searches of available aviation data resources.
The bounding box shall be expressed with westbound and eastbound longitudes, and southbound and northbound latitudes in decimal degrees with a precision of at least two decimals.
[Source: OWS-6, INSPIRE IR (4.1), Annex 15 (Chapter 10)]
Spatial Reference System
This describes the spatial reference system used throughout the data set.
This shall include:
The earth reference model used in the data set;
The coordinate system used in the data set.
[Source: ADQ (Annex 1, Part C, (f))]
Metadata

33. Temporal Reference Temporal Extent
The temporal extent defines the time period covered by the content of the resource. This time period may be expressed as any of the following:
An individual date;
An interval of dates expressed through the starting date and end date of the interval;
A mix of individual dates and intervals of dates.
[Source: OWS-6, INSPIRE IR (5.1)]
Date of Publication
This is the date of publication of the resource when available, or the date of entry into force. There may be more than one date of publication.
[Source: ADQ (Annex 1, Part C, (e)), INSPIRE IR (5.2)]
Date of Last Revision
This is the date of the last revision of the resource, if the resource has been revised. There shall not be more than one date of last revision.
[Source: INSPIRE IR (5.3)]
Date of Creation
This is the date of creation of the resource. There shall not be more than one date of creation.
[Source: INSPIRE IR (5.4)]
Temporal Reference System
ICAO Annex 15 stipulates: “For international civil aviation, the Gregorian calendar and Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) shall be used as the temporal reference system”
When a different temporal reference system is used for some applications, the metadata associated with the data set, shall include a description of that system.
[Source: ICAO Annex 15 (13th Edition) (3.7.3)]
Metadata

34. Organizations Responsible for the Establishment, Management, Maintenance and Distribution of Aviation Data Sets
Responsible Party
This is the description of the organization responsible for the establishment, management, maintenance and distribution of the resource.
The description shall include:
The name of the organization as free text;
A contact address as a character string.
[Source: ADQ (Annex 1, Part C, (a)), INSPIRE IR (9.1)]
Responsible Party Role
This is the role of the responsible organization.
The value domain of this element is defined in 7.2.
[Source: ADQ (Annex 1, Part C, (a)), INSPIRE IR (9.2)]
Metadata

35. Metadata on Metadata Metadata Point of Contact
This is the description of the organization responsible for the creation and maintenance of the metadata.
The description shall include:
The name of the organization as free text;
A contact address as a character string.
[Source: INSPIRE IR (10.1)]
Metadata Date
The date which specifies when the metadata record was created or updated.
The date shall be expressed in conformity with ISO 8601
[Source: INSPIRE IR (10.2)]
Metadata Language
This is the language in which the metadata elements are expressed.
The value domain of this metadata element is limited to the languages defined in ISO
[Source: INSPIRE IR (10.3)]
Metadata