1. French and Indian War

2. Essential Questions
Who were the opponents in this war and why were they fighting?
How did fighting styles differ? Who had the best strategy?
Who won this war?
Do you think the British government was right to make the colonists pay for the French and Indian War?

3. England and Colonists
vs.
French and Indians

4. North America in 1750

5. Cause of War England and France were at war.
Some French people began moving to the American colonies from Canada.
England did not want to lose the colonies to the French, so the English asked the colonists to help them fight against the French. The French asked some American Indians to help them fight against England and the colonists.
Canada
Colonies

6. Washington
Braddock
Braddock and his army moved very slowly, building roads and bridges as they headed through the wilderness.
Braddock believed that fighting like the Indians was cowardly.
* This led to his death!
Washington learned that the British were not unbeatable in battle as many people thought.
Washington believed that the key to winning the war was to fight like the Indians.
* This led him to success during the Revolutionary War!

7. British-American Colonial Tensions
Colonials
British
Methods of Fighting:
Indian-style guerilla tactics.
March in formation or bayonet charge.
Military Organization:
Col. militias served under own captains.
Br. officers wanted to take charge of colonials.
Military Discipline:
No mil. deference or protocols observed.
Drills & tough discipline.
Finances:
Resistance to rising taxes.
Colonists should pay for their own defense.
Demeanor:
Casual, non-professionals.
Prima Donna Br. officers with servants & tea settings.

8. 1763  Treaty of Paris
France --> lost her Canadian possessions, most of her empire in India, and claims to lands east of the Mississippi River.
Spain --> got all French lands west of the Mississippi River, New Orleans, but lost Florida to England.
England --> got all French lands in Canada, exclusive rights to Caribbean slave trade, and commercial dominance in India.

9. The Aftermath: Tensions Along the Frontier
1763  Pontiac’s Rebellion
8 British Forts captured by the Ottawa
Fort Detroit
British “gifts” of smallpox-infected blankets “Peace Negotiations.

10. Colonials: Paxton Boys (PA)
Colonial Backlash!
British  Proclamation Line of 1763.
Colonials: Paxton Boys (PA)

11. Effects of the War on Britain?
1. It increased her colonial empire in the Americas.
2. It greatly enlarged England’s debt.
3. Britain’s contempt for the colonials created bitter feelings.
Therefore, England felt that a major reorganization of her American Empire was necessary!

12. Effects of the War on the American Colonials
1. It united them against a common enemy for the first time.
2. It created a socializing experience for all the colonials who participated.
3. It created bitter feelings towards the British that would only intensify.

13. Effects of War
England and the Colonists beat the French and the Indians.
The Treaty of Paris was formed between the opponents.
This war was very costly to England. The British decided to tax the Colonists to pay for the war!