1. Chapter 14 Identifications

2. Johannes Kepler

3. Chapter 14 Identifications 1. German astronomer and mathematician who calculated the orbits of the planets revolving around the sun

4. Council of Trent

5. Chapter 14 Identifications 2. Established by Pope Paul III to reaffirm Catholic views

6. Robert Boyle

7. Chemist who explained the effects of temperature and pressure on gases Chemist who explained the effects of temperature and pressure on gases

8. Rene` Descartes

9. French man who stressed human reasoning as the best road to understanding French man who stressed human reasoning as the best road to understanding

10. Francis Bacon

11. Englishman who stressed observation and experimentation Englishman who stressed observation and experimentation

12. Henry VIII

13. English King, leader of English Reformation English King, leader of English Reformation

14. Elizabeth I

15. Sought a compromise between Catholics and Protestants Sought a compromise between Catholics and Protestants

16. John Knox

17. Calvinist preacher who set up the Scottish Presbyterian Church Calvinist preacher who set up the Scottish Presbyterian Church

18. Peace of Augsburg

19. Settlement that allowed each prince to choose which religion to follow Settlement that allowed each prince to choose which religion to follow

20. Protestant Reformation

21. A movement to renew the Church, or a protest against the Catholic Church A movement to renew the Church, or a protest against the Catholic Church

22. Raphael

23. Renaissance painter best known for his paintings of Jesus’ mother Renaissance painter best known for his paintings of Jesus’ mother

24. Jan Van Eyck

25. Flemish painter who developed oil paint Flemish painter who developed oil paint

26. William Shakespeare

27. English poet and playwright who wrote many comedies, tragedies, and historical plays English poet and playwright who wrote many comedies, tragedies, and historical plays

28. Johann Gutenberg

29. Invented the printing press Invented the printing press

30. Miguel de Cervantes

31. Spanish Renaissance author who wrote Don Quixote Spanish Renaissance author who wrote Don Quixote

32. Baldassare Castiglione

33. Renaissance author who wrote “The Book of the Courtier” a guide for members of the court Renaissance author who wrote “The Book of the Courtier” a guide for members of the court

34. Jesuits

35. Monks determined to combat heresy and spread Catholic faith Monks determined to combat heresy and spread Catholic faith

36. Huguenot

37. French Calvinist French Calvinist

38. Martin Luther

39. German monk who attacked indulgences German monk who attacked indulgences

40. Albrecht Durer

41. Painter who brought the Italian Renaissance to Germany Painter who brought the Italian Renaissance to Germany

42. Francesco Petrarch Francesco Petrarch

43. Humanist and author of Sonnets to Laura Humanist and author of Sonnets to Laura

44. Inquisition

45. Catholic Church court that tried to end heresy Catholic Church court that tried to end heresy

46. Copernicus

47. Thought the sun was the center of the universe – Heliocentric theory Thought the sun was the center of the universe – Heliocentric theory

48. John Calvin

49. Religious reformer who believed in predestination Religious reformer who believed in predestination

50. Isaac Newton

51. Discovered the law of gravity Discovered the law of gravity

52. Niccolo Machiavelli

53. Author of The Prince a book telling how to gain and maintain power Author of The Prince a book telling how to gain and maintain power

54. Michelangelo

55. Renaissance painter and sculptor, who made the famous statue of David Renaissance painter and sculptor, who made the famous statue of David

56. Leonardo da Vinci

57. Italian painter and inventor, the first Renaissance man Italian painter and inventor, the first Renaissance man

58. Galileo Galilei

59. Invented the telescope Invented the telescope

60. Lorenzo de Medici

61. Wealthy merchant and patron of the arts Wealthy merchant and patron of the arts