1. The Digestive System Walter J. Taylor Resources Dr. Kehoe, UWRF nutrition course Images from: An Illustrated Guide to veterinary Medical Terminology 3 rd Edition. Janet Amundson Romich

2. The Mouth Secretes Salivary Amylase (ptyalin) – to breakdown starch, carbohydrates, and urea into produce maltose and dextrins Secretes mucin – to lubricate food

3. Crop (birds) Secretes Mucus – To lubricate food

4. Rumen A chamber compartment of ruminant stomachs that host a viable environment to support microorganism growth – whose enzymes break down Cellulose into VFAs (volatile fatty acids) Polysaccharides and starches into microbial protein Sugars, fats and proteins (urea) into B vitamins and vitamin K

5. Stomach (abomasum in mammals and proventriculus in birds) Secretes Gastric juices and acids – Enzyme: Pepsin to breakdown proteins Into proteoses and peptones – Enzyme: Lipase to break down fats Into fatty acids and glycerol Secretes Mucus – To lubricate food and coat the stomach wall lining from Chief cells that secrete HCl

6. Gizzard (birds) Grinds foods into smaller pieces. Birds consume small rocks that when in the gizzard assist in breaking apart food as the gizzard’s muscles contract

7. Nursing Animals Secrete gastric juices – Enzyme: rennin to breakdown milk protein (casein) Into paracasein

8. Duodenum Secretes pancreatic juices (from the Pancreas) – Trypsin and Chymotrypsin to breakdown proteins, protesoses, peptones, and peptides Into peptones, peptides, and amino acids – Amylase to breakdown starch and dextrins Into dextrins and maltose – Lipase to breakdown fats Into higher fatty acids and glycerol – Carboxypeptidase to breakdown peptides Into amino acids and peptides Secretes Bile (from the liver) – To break down fats into an Emulsion of fats

9. Small Intestine Secretes intestinal juices – Enzyme: Peptidase (erepsin) to breakdown peptides; into amino acids and dipeptides – Enzyme: Sucrase (invertase) to breakdown sucrose; into glucose and fructose – Enzyme: Maltase to breakdown maltose; into glucose – Enzyme: Lactase to breakdown lactose; into glucose and galactose – Enzyme: polynucleotidase to breakdown nucleic acid; into mononucleotides

10. Large Intestine (cecum and colon) Enzyme: cellulase from microorganisms to breakdown cellulose; into VFA

25. Cat

27. Swine