2. Review of Progress – Africa RISING Ghana Asamoah Larbi International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Africa RISING West Africa 2 nd Review and Planning Meeting Bamako, 3-5 February, 2014

3. Purpose of Africa RISING: Provide pathways out of hunger and poverty for small holder families, especially for women and children, through sustainably intensified farming systems that sufficiently improve productivity, nutrition, and income security and conserve or enhance the natural resource base Africa RISING – Program

4. Africa RISING – Intervention communities

5. ARIAnimal Research Institute CBOsCommunity-based Organizations CRICrops Research Institute FRIFood Research Institute GLDBGrains and Legumes Development Board INSTIInstitute for Scientific and Technological Information KNUSTKwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology MOFAMinistry of Food and Agriculture MOHMinistry of Health SARISavanna Agricultural Research Institute SEEDPAGSeed Producers Association of Ghana SRISoil Research Institute UDSUniversity for Development Studies UGUniversity of Ghana Africa RISING – Ghana: National partners

6. AVRDCThe World Vegetable Center CIATInternational Center for Tropical Agriculture ICRISATInternational Crops Research Institute for the Semi-arid Tropics IITAInternational Institute of Tropical Agriculture ILRIInternational Livestock Research Institute IWMIInternational Water Management Institute Africa RISING – Ghana: International partners

7. Farmer Researcher Approach: Farming Systems Research Extension Agent Characterization Designing Testing/Adapting Diffusion

8. Africa RISING Research OutputsFarming Systems Research Stages Situation analysisFarming systems characterization Designing Integrated systems developmentTesting Adapting Scaling and deliveryDiffusion Africa RISING Research Outputs vrs. Stages in Farming Systems Research

9. Community analysis and mobilization

10. Cropping systems - cereals

11. Cropping systems – sorghum and millet

12. Cropping systems – cereals-legume

13. Cropping systems – legumes

14. Cropping systems – vegetables

15. Livestock – small ruminants

16. Livestock – rural poultry and pigs

18. Constrains to livestock production in the intervention communities and suggested solutions Main problemsSuggested solutions 1. Poor housingSupport in cash for housing construction or housing package 2. High disease and mortality Confinement of animals to reduce exposure and better access to veterinary services 3. Lack of improved breeds Better management of the local breeds, buying the improved breeds and the supply of these breeds in the form of support. 4. Conflict with crops farmersConfinement and herding of the flock 5. Inadequate feed Collection and conservation of crops residue; subsidized concentrate feeds and training in better feeding practices 6 Low prices offered by marketing agents and processors for animals 1.Formation of farmer groups to negotiate good prices for members; 2.Weighing of animals and sell according to animals’ weight. 8. Lack water in the dry season Construction of dug-outs and small reservoirs and supply of materials for rain water harvesting. 9. Access to credit Formation of farmers groups and cooperative to facilitate access to credit and external support. 10. High cost of veterinary dragsGovernment subsidy and support from NGOs in form animal health service package. Livestock – production constrains and solutions

19. Situation analysis (Research output 1)Leader 1Community mobilization and innovation platformsIITA 2Farming systems analysisWUR 3Inventory of innovationsIITA Integrated systems management (Research output 2) 4Improving cereal-legume systemsIITA 5Land management strategiesCIAT 6Agricultural water managementIWMI 7Improving cattle, sheep and goat productionILRI 8Intensifying rural pig and poultry productionKNUST 9Improving farm household nutritionGHS, FRI Scaling and delivery (Research output 3) 10Comparison of delivery approachesMoFA, UDS Africa RISING-Ghana: 2013 Work plan

20. Cereals: rice yield gap

21. Cereals – improved management effects on rice

22. Vegetables: Okra fruit yield – farmers’ field day

23. Northern region Upper West region Upper East region Landless household: No land, no livestock; Small household : < 3 acre of land & < 6 ruminant; Medium Household: 3 – 10 acre of land & 6 – 30 ruminant; Large Household: > 10 acre of land & > 30 ruminant Livestock – rural poultry and pigs

24. Bonia, Upper EastGuo, Upper WestTibali, Northern Livestock – sources of ruminant diets

25. RegionsDistrictsCommunities Upper East BongoSamboligo Kassena-NankanaBonia, Gia Upper West Nadowli-Kaleo Goriyiri, Guo, Goli, Gyilli Wa WestNato-Duori, Nyaggli Northern Savelugu-NantonJana, Libiga, Tibale, Tolon-KumbunguGbanjong, Tibongnaayili, Kpirim, Cheyohi Rural poultry and pig systems characterization

26. SpeciesUpper EastUpper WestNorthern Guinea fowls10076.364.3 Chickens10096.691.4 Turkeys06.80 Ducks19.615.34.3 Pigeons5.91.70 Species of poultry reared by farmers (%)

27. UERUWRNRMean System of production Semi-intensive10094.997.197.3 Free Range05.12.92.7 Housing Mud78.496.687.287.4 Wooden13.7011.48.4 Others7.801.43.1 Feeding Grains + scavenging9810082.993.6 Feed + scavenging0014.34.8 Scavenging only202.91.6 Breeding Uncontrolled mating100 Incub. & brood. by hen100 Poultry production systems and management practices (%) UER: Upper East Region; UWR: Upper West Region; NR: Northern Region

28. UERUWRNRMean Sale94.189.897.193.7 No sale5.910.22.96.3 Income (birds)96.184.75076.9 Income (eggs)3.95.144.317.8 Buying of food86.379.778.681.5 Paying of schools fees72.554.27065.6 Health-care35.349.224.336.3 Sale of poultry and uses of income (%) UER: Upper East Region; UWR: Upper West Region; NR: Northern Region

29. UERUWRNRMean Pests and diseases10091.585.792.4 High keet mortality78.469.568.672.2 Predation82.469.561.471.1 Lack of knowledge60.862.73051.2 Feed shortage56.962.725.748.4 Poultry production constraints (%) UER: Upper East Region; UWR: Upper West Region; NR: Northern Region

32. Breeds Upper EastUpper WestNorthern Exotic14.68.822.2 Local78.282.577.8 Crosses6.21.80 Source of breeds Local producers70.888.188.9 Other producers257.111 Breeding stations8.45.39 Relative/friend8.400 Breeds of pigs reared and their sources (%)

34. Upper EastUpper WestNorthern System of production Intensive27.1788.9 Semi-intensive64.677.211.1 Extensive8.38.80 Housing Enclosed structures97.968.4100 Confinement22.95.3100 Partial confinement64.670.20 Feeding Complete feed only2324.6100 Scavenging+Supplement35.464.90 Scavenging only8.31.80 Breeding Uncontrolled mating100 0 Controlled mating00100 Pig production systems and management practices (%)

36.  MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (PIGS)  Housing

37. Upper East Upper West Northern Disease Internal parasites72.936.8100 External parasites2.11.80 African Swine Fever2.15.311.1 Diarrhoea2.100 Handling Veterinary officer52.11433.3 Comm. Livestock Worker2.18.80 Farmer20.815.866.7 Major diseases and their treatment (%)

38. Upper EastUpper WestNorthern Sale66.570.188.9 No sale33.529.911.1 Middlemen47.935.177.8 Pito brewers4.23.50 Butchers35.635.266.7 Public2.170 Profitable87.573.7100 Not profitable12.526.30 Pigs – sales, market channels and profitability (%)

39. Upper EastUpper WestNorthern Pests and diseases97.989.5100 Housing materials97.989.5100 Feed shortage87.582.5100 Constrains – pig production

40. Improving farm household nutrition

41.  Problem – wasting and under weight high among children  Causes  Food insecurity  Mal-nutrition – poverty, food processing, feeding practices  Solutions  Improve quality food intake -crop varieties, livestock breeds  Diversification – production, diets  Processing – better cooking practices Improving farm household nutrition

42.  Provide baseline data  Study food consumption patterns  Nutritional status of children and caretakers  Document food processing and cooking methods  Mineral profiles of leafy vegetables  Design appropriate nutritional interventions Household nutrition survey

43. SeverelyModeratelyMarginallyNormal n (%) Northern (n=201)19 (9.5)63 (31.3)56 (27.9)63 (31.3) Upper West (n=149)3 (2.0)19 (12.8)46 (30.9)81 (54.4) Upper East (n=146)5 (3.4)23 (15.8)48 (32.9)70 (47.9) Total (N=496)27 (5.4)105 (21.2)150 (30.2)214 (43.1) p-value= < 0.0001* Stunting in children (0-60 months of age: HAZ score)

44. Nutritional status of children (0-60 months of age)

45. Stunting in children by sex

46. Household consumption of different food groups Households (%)

47. Vegetable speciesIronZinc Amaranthus leaves54.02±6.34 m 5.87±0.88 jz Sorrel leaves49.42±4.70 m 2.62±0.22 xy Bitter leaves34.94±0.13 k 9.58±0.57 b Pumpkin leaves70.63±1.51 p 9.38±1.31 b Micro-nutrient concentration–leafy vegetables (mg/kg, weight weight)

48. Dissemination – farmers’ field day Upper West

49. Capacity building – experimental design short-course

50. MScPhD University of Ghana30 Kwame Nkrumah Univ. of Science & Techn12 University of Development Studies10 Total52 Capacity building – graduate training

51.  Technology development versus socio-economics..????  Focus on farming systems research  Integration of activities  Small-scale mechanization and post-harvest losses….???  Value addition…??? Looking ahead………..???????

52. Forget your sorrows and dance – life is short

53. Africa Research in Sustainable Intensification for the Next Generation africa-rising.net