1. Biogeography Introduction January 11 th, 2005

2. Air Circulation

3. Profile of the Atmosphere

4. Cross section of the United States

5. Levels of Organization

6. Hydrologic Cycle

7. The Biotic Components of a Terrestrial Ecosystems Sun Producer Precipitation Falling leaves and twigs Producers Primary consumer (rabbit) Secondary consumer (fox) Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) Oxygen (O 2 ) Water Soil decomposers Soluble mineral nutrients

8. Deciduous Forest Animals Producer to primary consumer Primary to secondary consumer Secondary to higher-level consumer All producers and consumers to decomposers Bacteria Fungi Wood frog Racer Shagbark hickory White-tailed deer White-footed mouse White oak Gray squirrel Hairy woodpecker Broad-winged hawk Long-tailed weasel Long-tailed weasel May beetle Mountain winterberry Mountain winterberry Metallic wood-boring beetle and Metallic wood- boring beetle and larvae

9. Detritivores and Decomposers Mushroom Wood reduced to powder Long-horned beetle holes Bark beetle engraving Carpenter ant galleries Termite and carpenter ant work Dry rot fungus Detritus feedersDecomposers Time progression Powder broken down by decomposers into plant nutrients in soil

10. Gross Primary Productivity Levels of GPP Red (highest), Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue (lowest)

11. Secondary Succession

12. 1500 1850 1870 1880 1906 The Demise of Bison

13. Animals Driven to Extinction Passenger pigeon Great aukDodo Dusky seaside sparrow Aepyornis (Madagascar)

14. Endangered and Threatened Species Florida manatee Northern spotted owl (threatened) Gray wolfFlorida panther Bannerman's turaco (Africa) Devil's hole pupfish Snow leopard (Central Asia) Black-footed ferret Symphonia (Madagascar) Utah prairie dog (threatened) Ghost bat (Australia) California condor Black lace cactus Black rhinoceros (Africa) Oahu tree snail

15. Accidentally Introduced Species Sea lamprey (attached to lake trout) Argentina fire antEurasian muffleBrown tree snakeCommon pigeon (Rock dove) Formosan termiteZebra musselAsian long-horned beetle Asian tiger mosquitoGypsy moth larvae

16. Fig. 1-1 p. 2 World Population

17. Human Disturbance Tropic of Capricorn Equator Predominantly natural Partially disturbed Human dominated Antarctic Circle Tropic of Cancer Arctic Circle

18. North America by Night

19. Public Lands

20. Biosphere Reserves Biosphere Reserve Core area Buffer zone 1 Buffer zone 2 Human settlements Tourism and education center Research station