1. Non-Fiction Not as boring as you’d think!

2. WHAT IS NONFICTION?  The subject of nonfiction is real The author writes about actual persons, places and events. The writer may just report facts The writer may also include personal opinions Often there is a mixture of both Readers must read critically

3. CRITICAL READING  Look at writer’s background  Look at writer’s purpose  Look at writer’s attitude  Look at writer’s audience

4. JOURNALISM Newspapers Magazines Online sources

5. TYPES OF JOURNALISM  Interviews  Columns  Reviews  Articles  Editorials  Editorial Cartoons

6. ESSAYS

7. TYPES OF ESSAYS Formal Essay A prose discussion on a serious topic in a serious manner, usually rigidly structured and organized. Informal Essay A prose discussion on any topic in a light, humorous, amusing manner; often loosely organized, rambling and casual in approach.

8. CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.)  The Formal Essay Purpose: to inform, explain, convince Tone: serious, rhetorical, balanced  The Informal Essay Narrative structure Tone: conversational, sometimes witty and humorous

9. OTHER TYPES OF ESSAYS  Comparison and Contrast Essays  Persuasive Essays  Cause and Effect Essays

10. PERSONAL CHRONICLES

11. DIARIES AND JOURNALS  Diaries: a private form of writing with no further intended audience  Journals: varying styles and topics. Give a glimpse of the writer’s value of his or her world

12. LETTERS  Private Letters  Public Letter  Letters can Reveal character Express opinions Ask for information Give information  Audience and Purpose influence tone.

13. AUTOBIOGRAPHY  Written by the subject for publication  Author has some purpose for writing To teach To arouse awareness To warn Simply to entertain

14. MEMOIRS  A TYPE OF AUTOBIOGRAPHICAOL WRITING, DEALING WITH THE RECOLLECTIONS OF PROMINENT PEOPLE OR PEOPLE WHO HAVE BEEN A PART OF OR HAVE WITNESSED SIGNIFICANT EVENTS.  CONSIDERED BOTH AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL

15. BIOGRAPHY  The accurate presentation of a life story from birth to death of an individual.  Historical biographies include strands of an individual’s life interwoven with historical persons, places and events.

16. OTHER TYPES OF NONFICTION  Speeches  Historical Writing  Science Writing  Technical writing  Writing online  Miscellaneous writing

17. ELEMENTS OF NONFICTION  Characters, Plot, and Setting. Like fiction, nonfiction has characters, plot, and setting. However, these elements are real, not made up. The main character in an autobiography or biography is called the subject. The subject's words, thoughts, and actions are presented.

18. HOW TO READ NONFICTION  Try to separate Facts from Opinions.  The writer has chosen facts that present a certain picture of the subject.  Think about what might be missing as well as what is there.

19. Author’s Purpose  Most non-fiction writing (or writing in general) falls into 3 main categories: Informative  Basic information/ facts Entertaining  This is mostly fiction, it really just to be enjoyed Persuasive  The writer is trying to convince you to buy or believe something  The reader (YOU) can determine which category the work falls into by finding the author’s purpose in writing.

20. Objective VS Subjective Writing

21. Objective Writing  Objective writing reports only the facts; the writer is invisible

22. Example  An encyclopedia article about the Holocaust that contains only facts and gives no clue to the writer’s thoughts and feelings.  Would this be informative, entertaining or persuasive?

23. Subjective Writing  Subjective writing, the writer adds his or her opinions, judgments, or feelings.

24. Example  When someone writes a report about the holocaust they reveal their thoughts, judgments and feelings through their writing.  Would this be informative, entertaining or persuasive?

25. Example #1  The Holocaust is a history of enduring horror and sorrow. It seems as though there is no spark of human concern, no act of humanity, to lighten that dark history.  You find gripping and horrifying stories of Adolf Hitler and his most ruthless henchmen - men often seen as the very personifications of evil, like Rudolf Hoess, the SS Commandant of Auschwitz, the Nazi butcher Amon Goeth at Plaszow and Josef Mengele, The Angel Of Death. What might be the author’s purpose with this excerpt?  This would be Subjective and persuasive.

26. Example # 2  Fueled by anti-Semitism, the Nazi persecution of Jews began soon after Adolf Hitler became chancellor of Germany in 1933 with a boycott of Jewish businesses and the dismissal of Jewish civil servants. Under the Nürnberg Laws (1935), Jews lost their citizenship. About 7,500 Jewish businesses were gutted and some 1,000 synagogues burned or damaged in the Kristallnacht pogrom in 1938, and thereafter Jews were imprisoned in concentration camps or forced into ghettos.Adolf HitlerNürnberg Laws Kristallnacht What might be the author’s purpose with this excerpt?  This would be objective and informative.