1. National Council of Teachers of English Dr. Beverly Ann Chin November 21, 2014 Washington, DC

2. STRATEGIES THAT HELP WRITERS SUPPORT THEIR STANCE IN PERSUASIVE WRITING Dr. Beverly Ann Chin Chair, Dept. of English Director, English Teaching Program University of Montana Missoula, MT 59812 (406) 243-2463 Beverly.chin@umontana.edu

3. COMMON CORE STATE STANDARDS W. 1 Write arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and sufficient evidence.

4. COMMON CORE STATE STANDARDS W. 4 Produce clear and coherent writing in which the development, organization, and style are appropriate to task, purpose, and audience.

5. COMMON CORE STATE STANDARDS L. 3 Apply knowledge of language to understand how language functions in different contexts, to make effective word choices for meaning or style, and to comprehend more fully when reading or listening.

6. AUDIENCE AFFECTS CHOICES IN IDEAS (W.1, W. 4) VOICE (W. 4, L. 3) WORD CHOICE (W. 4, L. 3)

7. AUDIENCE and IDEAS What information does my audience already know about the topic? What are my audience’s opinions or beliefs on the topic? What new information should I add to inform the audience about validity/value of my stance?

8. AUDIENCE and VOICE What voice will be most effective in changing my audience’s perspective on this persuasive topic? What level of formality should I use to connect with my audience? Is my audience “friendly” or “hostile”? If I were my audience, what voice would I find most persuasive? Why?

9. AUDIENCE and WORD CHOICE What connotations will be most effective in persuading my audience? Have I used words that have connotations that might offend my audience?

10. CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS Should I use a direct approach or an indirect approach to the topic? How might gender, status, and age affect my rhetorical strategies? Which pronouns should I use: I, we, you?

11. Be persuasive by Knowing your audience Placing yourself in the role of the audience Asking yourself: Have I succeeded in changing the audience’s opinions, actions, or beliefs?

12. This presentation and other materials are posted at www.sadlier.com/school/ncte-2014 “Teaching Writing in the Context of Common Core State Standards” by Beverly Ann Chin