2. The Scope Of Pharmacy From ancient times Pharmacy is known as a branch associated with healthcare services. The word Pharmacy has been derived from the Greek word "pharmakon", meaning drug..

3. The Scope Of Pharmacy Today, the discipline of Pharmacy has made enormous progress and has matured as a distinctly independent branch as pharmaceutical sciences, mainly through the acquisition of the wealth of knowledge, research and a vast array of drugs & therapeutic remedies. Unlike the other curricula Pharmacy is a product, as well as, service related discipline, increasing its scope two-fold

4. It is involved in all the stages related to a drug, from its discovery, development, action, safety, formulation, use, quality control, packaging, storage, marketing, etc. Thus, today's pharmacy professional is a ''drug expert'' in the real sense. The profession of pharmacy has transformed into a center for the ''Global Healthcare'' and evolved as a multidisciplinary curriculum.

5. The Medication-Use Process Ordering Transcribing Reviewing/Approving/Consulting Dispensing Administering documenting Monitoring

6. The Role of the Pharmacist Seven Essential Roles of the Pharmacist (World Health Organization) Care Giver Decision Maker Communicator Leader Manager and Entrepreneur Life-Long learner Teacher

7. Five Essential Roles of the Pharmacist (Pfizer) Drug delivery and medication safety Patient education Monitoring drug therapy Teaming with other health care providers Research and clinical studies

8. functions of Pharmacist Professional functions Technical functions Entrepreneurial functions Development, production and distribution of drugs Training and research Legal and regulatory functions Other.

9. Professional functions Participating in the process of drug use decisions Selecting the drug product dosage form Selecting the drug product source of supply Determining the dose and dosage schedule Preparing the drug product for patient use Providing the drug product to the patient

10. Providing drug information to the patient Monitoring the patient to detect adverse drug reactions and drug Interactions Monitoring the patient to enhance the outcomes of drug therapy Monitoring the patient to maximize adherence

11. Career Opportunities Production & Manufacturing Research & Development Analysis & Testing Marketing Hospital Pharmacy Community Pharmacy

12. Academics Regulatory Affairs Documentation, Library Information Services & Pharma. Journalism Consultancy

13. Production & Manufacturing A pharmacy professional can work as a production person (chemist, officer, executive, manager, vice-president), involved in the production of bulk drug & intermediates or formulations and dosage forms. Industries in the cosmetics, soaps, toiletries segment also hire pharmacy professionals. Other segments where opportunities exist are the field of dental products. Dental medicine is a specialized field and so is its production. These involve products dedicated to dental care and hygiene like toothpaste, mouthwashes, dental cavity fillers, etc.

14. Production & Manufacturing Blood and plasma products is another area has immense potential worldwide. The products involve, blood of various groups, production of blood bags, haemoglobin, plasma, serum, clotting factors, antigens, antibodies, etc.

15. Production of biological & biotechnological products, surgical dressings, medical devices & equipment, alternative medicines also involve the presence of pharmacy professionals in its production. Other areas where pharmacy professionals are required are in production of veterinary medicine, perfumery, fragrances, nutraceuticals

16. Research & Development This forms the heart of any industry, as it is the key to growth and sustenance. Mainly M Pharms & PhDs are in great demand in the various areas of Pharmaceutical R&D. Other areas where professionals are required are: - New Drug Discovery Research (NDDR): Discovering a new drug has assumed prime importance.

17. - Process Development (P&D): One of the important areas in bulk drugs industry is developing viable processes for the manufacture of drugs and intermediates for their commercial production. - Formulation & Development (F&D): The success of any pharma company lies in the quality of its products, i.e., its formulations & dosage forms.

18. - Clinical Trials, Bioequivalence studies, Toxicological Studies: These are some of the areas of clinical research which are in high demand as they are involved in the systematic evaluation of potential drug substances prior to getting them approved by the authorities

19. Analysis & Testing Any drug or dosage form for human use has to be of excellent quality and purity, free from any impurities. The permissible limits of impurities, which either occurs through the manufacturing process, equipment, raw materials, handling or storage, are very stringent.

20. Analysis & Testing Therefore, Quality control (QC) and Quality Assurance (QA) are the most integral areas of the drug & pharmaceutical industry. Highly specialized and trained staff is required to handle sensitive analytical procedures & sophisticated equipment. MPharm & PhDs in Pharm Analysis /Q.A. are highly preferred for this job.

21. Marketing - Any business is incomplete without the marketing & sales aspect, as the universal fact is that any thing produced has to be sold. The Pharma. Sales & Marketing is a highly technical field & offers excellent opportunities for the pharmacy graduates. Additional qualification like M.B.A. adds to their arsenal.

22. Marketing - An aspirant of a highly bright future can enter through various openings like starting his own retail or wholesale drug store or becoming a professional sales representative (known as medical Sales Representative or M.R.) to the levels of International Marketing & Exports. The monetary rewards and perks are the best.

23. Hospital Pharmacy Another opening for a Pharmacy professional is as a "Registered Pharmacist" in the hospitals or drug stores. This is a very sought after professional especially in countries like the U.S.A. & Canada. The trend is already set in many hospitals in the country..

24. This is a key position and the Pharmacist plays an important role form preparing prescription to the patient's medial history after the Medical doctor has diagnosed the disease. The Pharmacist is the best- informed qualified drug expert whose advice is sought by every body regarding the dosage, incompatibilities and side effects of drugs

25. Community Pharmacy - This concept, which is already very old in developed Western countries, is rapidly catching up the Healthcare service in our country. Through the services of community pharmacy a Pharmacist becomes a vital link between the patients and the products i.e., drugs. The pharmacist also serves a vital link between the patients and other healthcare professionals, especially the medical experts.

26. Community Pharmacy - Counseling the patients regarding the use of the drugs and dosage forms. - Providing up-to-date information on drugs/dosage forms to the patients, as well as, medical staff. - Maintaining patient records & history - Involved in the usage of self-diagnostic kits by the patients for disorders like diabetes, hypertension etc. - Providing supply of Home care dosage forms.

27. Academics Excellent opportunities for the professionals are available in teaching profession also. The minimum entry-level qualification as lecturer is M.Pharm. This is a profession associated with job satisfaction and social status as teaching is considered to be noble profession. The higher posts in the hierarchy and Lecturer, Assistant Professor, associate Professor, Professor etc. The emoluments are satisfactory. Besides teaching Academic related opportunities involve positions on Research Posts and Training programs.

28. Regulatory Affairs - Locally the S.F.D.A. (Saudi Food & Drugs Authority) is the main regulatory body governing and implementing the rules and regulations for the Drug & Pharma industry. The F.D.A. has state branches and sub-branches all over the country. The job opportunities for Pharmacy graduates are excellent and range from the levels of a Drug Inspector (D.I.), Deputy Drug Controller, Asst. Drug Controller and Drug Controller. This is highly respected and sought after profession. A graduate in Pharmacy is the minimum eligibility.

29. - Since, the business involved is worth multibillion dollars; this branch has assumed tremendous significance and is bound to grow enormously, in the Post-GATT era. Many big players in the drugs & pharma. field has already established separate Regulatory Affairs Departments in their companies. Regulatory experts are thus in great demand. Since, the field is highly technical Pharmacy professionals again fit in these positions.

30. Documentation, Library Information Services & Pharma. Journalism The Regulatory Affairs as well as, Patenting Processes and Issues involve a lot of documentation work to be done and submitted to the concerned Regulatory Authorities, in a highly specialized and technical manner. Pharmacy professionals are again fitting in the bill.

31. - - Similarly, the R & D & Q.C. Departments of the Pharma. Companies need a wealth of Technical information, which needs to be updated regularly, in order to match the pace of global competition. - - Therefore, Library Information services is another field in much demand as far as the Pharma. industry is concerned. Furthermore, with the advent & boom of the Information Technology, Bio-Informatics and Electronic Data Retrieval Systems, this field is already scaling new heights.

32. - Pharma- Journalism is another area filled with great potentialities. This requires specialist technical personnel like pharmacy graduates on the editorial staff to cover the various aspects. There is already a very lucrative business in this field.

33. Consultancy This is an ideal opportunity for highly technical and experienced pharmacy professionals to earn handsomely as self-employed entrepreneurs, even after the age of retirement. Consultancy services in Pharmacy are offered in various fields against very attractive financial fees like in Regulatory Affairs, Manufacturing process, Research and Market Surveys & Sales Promotion

34. The Evolution of the Role of the Pharmacist Transitions in Health Care: - Specialized Care → Primary Care - Technology Driven → Humanely Dr. - Cost Unaware → Cost Aware - Institution Based → Community Based - Governed Professionally → Gov. Managerially - Acute Treatment → Chronic Mgmt. - Individual Patient → Pop. Perspective - Curative Care → Preventative Care - Individual Provider → Team Provider - Competition → Cooperation

35. Specialties in Pharmacy Practice (Board of Pharmaceutical Specialties) 1- Nuclear Pharmacy (BCNP) 2- Pharmacotherapy (BCPS) 3- Nutrition Support Pharmacy (BCNSP) 4- Psychiatric Pharmacy (BCPP) 5- Oncology Pharmacy (BCOP) BC:The BPS (Board of Pharmacy Specialties) Board Certified

36. Pharmaceutical Care Pharmaceutical care is the responsible provision of drug therapy for the purpose of achieving definite outcomes that improve a patient's quality of life. these outcomes are: 1. Cure of disease 2. Elimination or reduction of a patient's symptomatology 3. Arresting or slowing of a disease process 4. Preventing a disease or symptomatology.

37. Medication Therapy Management Services (MTMS) - Medication Therapy Management Services (MTMS) has been defined as " a distinct service or group of services that optimize therapeutic outcomes for individual patients.

38. The MTM service model in pharmacy practice includes the following five core: Medication therapy review Personal medication record Medication-related action plan Intervention and/or referral Documentation and follow-up

39. Thank you