1. Louis boiron Alexandre diart
OBESITY
Louis boiron
Alexandre diart

2. Summary What is obesity ? Causes Symptoms Consequences Treatment
Surgery
Prevention
Bibliography

3. What is obesity ? Too much body fat
Body Mass Index (BMI) = 𝑘𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑠 𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑠²
25 ≥ BMI ≥ 29,9 : overweight
30 ≥ BMI ≥ 39,9 : obese
BMI ≥ 40 : very obese (« morbidly obese »)
Muscular or puberty
On the body:
Women : hips and buttocks = « pear shape »
Men : around their bellies = « apple shape »

4. How common is obesity ?

5. What causes obesity ? Lifestyle choices Lack of physical activity
e.g. : fast food, not eating fruits and vegetables…
Lack of physical activity
Genes
Medical reasons

6. Symptoms Short-term problems: Long-term problems:
Breathlessness
Increased sweating
Snoring
Difficulty sleeping
Long-term problems:
High blood pressure
High cholesterol levels
Type 2 diabetes
Psychological problems:
Self-esteem…

7. Consequences of obesity
Excessive body weight <-> various deseases
Mortality:
Preventable
BMI ≥ 32: doubled mortality rate
Reducing life expectancy
Morbidity:
Risk increased
Hight blood pressure
Infertility
Type 2 diabetes
Cancer
Heart disease
Asthma…

8. Relative risk of death

9. Relative risk of death

10. Treatment Aim: lose weight Diet advice: Types of diet:
Healthy diet & reduce calories
Types of diet:
Low-calorie diets (LCDs)
Very-low-calorie diets (VLCDs)
Children: special kind of diet
Increase your exercise
Medication : GP

11. e.g. of a drug: Orlistrat Xenical® (by Roche)
Blocking an enzyme: indigest fat is not absorbed
A capsule/meal
Significant effort before
BMI ≥ 28
Contraindications:
Malabsorption
Pregnency & breastfeeding
Side effects:
Fatty or oily stools
Needing the toilet urgently
Upper respiratory tract infections

12. Surgery « bariatric surgery » Health affected
Treatment options don’t work
BMI ≥ 40
Long-term follow-up treatment
Specialist

13. Prevention Eat healthily Physically active Parent’s help
Strachy foods, avoid sugar, eat breakfast…
Physically active
Walking, cycling, avoid seeting…
Parent’s help
Regular meals (with chilren), encourage children

14. Questions to a health professional about…
Weight?
Active?
Healthy eating?
Advice on buying?
Leaflet?

15. Bibliography NHS, 01/03/12, http://www.nhs.uk/Pages/HomePage.aspx
NICE, 01/03/12,
WIN, 01/03/12,
WHO, 01/03/12,
Wikipedia, 01/03/12,