1. 1© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Chapter 8 Review A New Nation

2. 2© 2005 Sherri Heathcock George Washington was the first president and ______________ the first Vice-President under the Constitution. John Adams

3. 3© 2005 Sherri Heathcock What did George Washington ask that people call him? Mr. President

4. 4© 2005 Sherri Heathcock How many departments did the first Congress set up. PRESIDENT STATETREASURYWAR 3

5. 5© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Which Department handles foreign relations and who as it run by? State Department Thomas Jefferson

6. 6© 2005 Sherri Heathcock What department handled financial matters and who its secretary? Treasury Department Alexander Hamilton

7. 7© 2005 Sherri Heathcock What department provides for the nation’s defense and who was in charge? War Department Henry Knox

8. 8© 2005 Sherri Heathcock The department heads meet with the president regularly and are called the ______________ cabinet

9. 9© 2005 Sherri Heathcock To strengthen the nation financially, Alexander Hamilton said the government pay off the debts from the _____________ government. Confederation

10. 10© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Hamilton thought that if the national government reimbursed the states they would be more ___________ of the new national government. supportive

11. 11© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Many bond owners sold their bonds to __________ for less than their value. speculators

12. 12© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Why were the Southern states against Hamilton’s financial plan? Most of them had already paid off their debts

13. 13© 2005 Sherri Heathcock What did Hamilton agree to do in order to get the support of the Southern states? Move the nation’s capitol to the south

14. 14© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Why were Madison and Jefferson against a national bank? They said it would only help the wealthy and was unconstitutional

15. 15© 2005 Sherri Heathcock What clause in the Constitution did Hamilton say gave Congress the power to create a national bank. Elastic Clause (also known as Implied Powers)

16. 16© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Hamilton thought the development of ______________ would make America's economy stronger. manufacturing

17. 17© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Hamilton’s plan included a protective tariff that would make ________ goods more expensive so people would buy products made in American. imported

18. 18© 2005 Sherri Heathcock The South was against the ______________ so Congress agreed to a low tariff that would raise money instead of protecting industries. TARIFF DOWN MONEY UP Protective tariffs

19. 19© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Congress approved several taxes, including one on ________. whiskey

20. 20© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Farmers in ___________________ were angry over having to pay a tax on the whiskey they made from extra corn. Western Pennsylvania

21. 21© 2005 Sherri Heathcock The _______________ was the first time anyone had challenged the new government. Whiskey Rebellion

22. 22© 2005 Sherri Heathcock When President Washington used an army to end the Whiskey Rebellion he sent two messages. 1) If citizens want to change a law, they must do so ______ 2) the government would use _____ to maintain order. legally force

23. 23© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Most Americans supported the French Revolution because it seemed to have many of the same ideals of the _________________. American Revolution

24. 24© 2005 Sherri Heathcock When the French Revolution turned bloody American ___________ started to change. public opinion

25. 25© 2005 Sherri Heathcock _______________, the Anti-Federalists, and Southerners supported France. Thomas Jefferson

26. 26© 2005 Sherri Heathcock ________________, the Federalists, and businessmen in the North who traded with the British, supported Britain. Alexander Hamilton

27. 27© 2005 Sherri Heathcock President Washington believed in __________ and issued a Proclamation of Neutrality prohibiting American citizens from fighting in the war and banned French and British warships from American ports. isolationism

28. 28© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Edmond Genêt of France was kicked out of the United States for trying to convince citizens to _________ the government and insulting President Washington. overthrow

29. 29© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Sailors on American merchant ships were _________ into the British navy against their will. impressed

30. 30© 2005 Sherri Heathcock The Indians living west of the Appalachian Mountains said the United States __________________________. did not have authority over them

31. 31© 2005 Sherri Heathcock When fighting broke out between Indians and settlers in the Northwest Territory, Washington __________ to restore order. sent an army

32. 32© 2005 Sherri Heathcock In 1794 the British encouraged the Indians to destroy American __________ west of the Appalachians and to demand that all settlers north of the Ohio River leave. Washington responded by sending another army. settlements

33. 33© 2005 Sherri Heathcock The Battle of Fallen Timbers ended the Indians hopes of keeping their land. The _________________ was signed giving up their claim to most the land in present-day Ohio. Treaty of Greenville

34. 34© 2005 Sherri Heathcock In an attempt to avoid war with Britain, President Washington sent ________, the first chief justice of the Supreme Court, to negotiate a treaty. John Jay

35. 35© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Most Americans did not support the Jay’s Treaty because it did not address the issue of ___________ or British interference with American trade. impressment

36. 36© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Pinckney's Treaty gave the Americans free navigation of the ______________ and the right to trade at ___________. Mississippi River New Orleans

37. 37© 2005 Sherri Heathcock In September 1796, Washington set another precedent. He announced he would not seek a _____ term. third

38. 38© 2005 Sherri Heathcock In Washington's "Farewell Address" he told Americans avoid _____________ and permanent ________ with foreign countries. political parties alliances

39. 39© 2005 Sherri Heathcock _______ and ________ disagreed on economic policy, foreign relations, the power of the federal government, and on interpretations of the Constitution. Hamilton Jefferson

40. 40© 2005 Sherri Heathcock By 1793 Jefferson was so unhappy that he ________ as secretary of state. Two years later Hamilton also ________. ANTI-FEDERALISTSFEDERALISTS resigned

41. 41© 2005 Sherri Heathcock The Federalists wanted a strong _______ government, admired ______ because of its stability, supported big business ______, and wanted _____ interpretation of the Constitution. federalBritain ownersloose

42. 42© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Their strongest support came from the ________ and from wealthy plantation owners in the South. Northeast

43. 43© 2005 Sherri Heathcock The Anti-federalists began calling themselves ___________________, or just Republicans. Democratic-Republicans

44. 44© 2005 Sherri Heathcock The Democratic-Republicans wanted to limit the federal government's power and ____ interpretation of the Constitution. They supported ______, small _______ and factory _______. workers Francefarmers strict

45. 45© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Candidates ran as members of a party in the presidential election of 1796. However, they did not win as a “team.” The candidate with the _________ became president and the second runner-up was vice-president. most votes

46. 46© 2005 Sherri Heathcock In the end, Adams won the presidency with 71 electoral votes and Jefferson, with 68 votes, became the vice- president. They had a ________ president and an ____________ vice-president. Federalist Anti-Federalist

47. 47© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Adams tried to avoid war by sending representatives to talk to France’s foreign minister Talleyrand refused to see them. Instead, he sent out three agents who demanded a _____, or bribe, from America. tribute

48. 48© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Adams was furious. After he referred to the French agents as “X, Y, and Z” the incident became known as the _________. XYZ Affair

49. 49© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Because the Republican Party had once supported France and did not publicly condemn France’s behavior, many __________ were voted out of office in the election of 1798. The result was a Federalist Congress. Republicans

50. 50© 2005 Sherri Heathcock The Alien and Sedition laws allowed anyone who spoke against the government or its officials to be ____ or _______. jailed deported

51. 51© 2005 Sherri Heathcock The ___________________________ said the Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional and, according to the 10 th Amendment, the states had the right to overturn, or nullify, federal laws that were unconstitutional. Nat’l Gov’t State Gov’t Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

52. 52© 2005 Sherri Heathcock Hamilton and his followers opposed their own president in the 1800 election and split the Federalist Party. With the Federalist vote split, Republican ________________ won the presidency. Thomas Jefferson